Şener Ahmet YILDIZ, Aytekin GÜNLÜ, Savaş SARIÖZKAN, Cengiz YALÇIN

Burdur, Konya ve Kırklareli illerindeki süt sığırcılık işletmelerinde endemik hastalıkların insidensi

Burdur, Konya ve Kırklareli illerinde, Türkiye Damızlık Sığır Yetiştiricileri Merkez Birliği’ne bağlı 1684 işletmeden tesadüfi olarak seçilen 150 süt sığırcılığı işletmesi üzerinde ileriye yönelik uzak erimli gözlemsel bir araştırma yürütülmüştür. İşletmeler küçük ölçekli (< 11 sağmal) ve orta-büyük ölçekli (> 10 sağmal) olarak 2 gruba ayrılmıştır. Araştırma Ekim 2003-Eylül 2004 tarihleri arasında (12 ay) yürütülmüş ve her işletme ayda en az bir defa ziyaret edilmiştir. İncelenen 3 ilin ağırlıklı ortalamasına göre en sık görülen hastalıklar fertilite bozuklukları (% 30,2), meme hastalıkları (% 28,3), doğuma ilişkin sorunlar (% 18,3) ve lokomotor sistem hastalıkları (% 10,0) şeklinde sıralanmıştır. Hastalık insidensleri bakımından iller arasında istatistiksel açıdan önemli farklılıklar bulunmuştur (P < 0,05). Küçük ölçekli işletmelerdeki hastalık insidensleri, orta ve büyük ölçekli işletmelerinkinden daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ancak lokomotor ve metabolik hastalıklar arasındaki bu farklılık istatistiksel açıdan P < 0,05 düzeyinde önemli bulunmamıştır.

Incidence of endemic diseases in dairy herdes in Burdur, Konya, and Kırklareli provinces in Turkey

A prospective longitudinal observation study was carried out with 150 randomly selected dairy herds from among 1684 Turkish Dairy Breeding Association (TDBA) herds in Burdur, Konya, and Kırklareli provinces. The herds were stratified as small scale (less than 11 milking cows) and medium-large scale (more than 10 milking cows). The survey was conducted between October 2003 and September 2004, and each herd was visited at least once per month. As the weighted average of 3 provinces, the most frequent events were fertility disorders (30.2%) and udder diseases (28.3%), followed by puerperal disorders (18.3%) and locomotor system disorders (10.0%). There was, however, wide variation in the incidence rates of several diseases between the provinces, and the differences in the incidence rates of most of the disease categories between the provinces were statistically significant at P < 0.05. Incidence rates for diseases in all disease categories were higher in small-scale herds than in medium-large scale herds; however, the differences in the incidence rates of metabolic and locomotor system disorders between herd sizes were not statistically significant at P < 0.05.

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