The performance of shear wave elastography on evaluating liver changes in obese and overweight children

Background. Real time shear-wave elastography (SWE) is a non-invasive imaging method which can quantitatively assess liver stiffness. Obesity and its complication are increasing with improving lifestyles in our century. We evaluated the performance of SWE for detecting liver changes (fatty liver, steatohepatitis) in obese and overweight children, in addition to this, we determined the diagnostic accuracy and clinical usefulness of SWE in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods. Obese and overweight 41 children within the age range of 6–15 years were included in this singlecenter prospective study. Biochemical evaluation for aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) levels, as well as conventional ultrasound and SWE of the liver were performed in the patient group. These values were compared with values of 25 normal weight and healthy children in the age range of 6–16 years. Results. The mean SWE values was 13.7 ± 5.5 kiloPascal (kPa) and 2.03 ± 0.35 meter/second (m/s) in patient group and 7.99 ± 2.81 kPa and 1.62 ± 0.21 m/s in control group (p

___

1. World Health Organization. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2011: 22-24.

2. Marzuillo P, Grandone A, Conte M, et al. Novel association between a nonsynonymous variant (R270H) of the G-protein-coupled receptor 120 and liver injury in children and adolescents with obesity. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2014; 59: 472-475.

3. Lobstein T, Baur L, Uauy R, IASO International Obesity Task Force. Obesity in children and young people: a crisis in public health. Obes Rev 2004; 5(Suppl 1): 4-104.

4. Marzuillo P, Del Giudice EM, Santoro N. Pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: new insights and future directions. World J Hepatol 2014; 6: 217-225.

5. Marzuillo P, Miraglia del Giudice E, Santoro N. Pediatric fatty liver disease: role of ethnicity and genetics. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 7347-7355.

6. Welsh JA, Karpen S, Vos MB. Increasing prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among United States adolescents, 1988-1994 to 2007-2010. J Pediatr 2013; 162: 496-500.e1.

7. Giorgio V, Prono F, Graziano F, Nobili V. Pediatric non alcoholic fatty liver disease: old and new concepts on development, progression, metabolic insight and potential treatment targets. BMC Pediatr 2013; 13: 40.

8. Schwimmer JB, Deutsch R, Kahen T, Lavine JE, Stanley C, Behling C. Prevalence of fatty liver in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2006; 118: 1388- 1393.

9. Marzuillo P, Grandone A, Perrone L, Miraglia Del Giudice E. Controversy in the diagnosis of pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21: 6444-6450.

10. Jeong JY, Kim TY, Sohn JH, et al. Real time shear wave elastography in chronic liver diseases: accuracy for predicting liver fibrosis, in comparison with serum markers. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 13920-13929.

11. Muller M, Gennisson JL, Deffieux T, Tanter M, Fink M. Quantitative viscoelasticity mapping of human liver using supersonic shear imaging: preliminary in vivo feasibility study. Ultrasound Med Biol 2009; 35: 219-229.

12. Mauldin FW Jr, Zhu HT, Behler RH, Nichols TC, Gallippi CM. Robust principal component analysis and clustering methods for automated classification of tissue response to ARFI excitation. Ultrasound Med Biol 2008; 34: 309-325.

13. Boursier J, Isselin G, Fouchard-Hubert I, et al. Acoustic radiation force impulse: a new ultrasonographic technology for the widespread noninvasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 22: 1074-1084.

14. Castéra L, Vergniol J, Foucher J, et al. Prospective comparison of transient elastography, Fibrotest, APRI and liver biopsy for the assessment of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. Gastroenterology 2005; 128: 343-350.

15. Friedrich-Rust M, Nierhoff J, Lupsor M, et al. Performance of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging for the staging of liver fibrosis: a pooled meta-analysis. J Viral Hepat 2012; 19: e212-e219.

16. Huwart L, Sempoux C, Vicaut E, et al. Magnetic resonance elastography for the noninvasive staging of liver fibrosis. Gastroenterology 2008; 135: 32-40.

17. Tutar O, Beşer ÖF, Adaletli I, et al. Shear wave elastography in the evaluation of liver fibrosis in children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2014; 58: 750- 755.

18. Neyzi O, Bundak R, Gökçay G, Günöz H, Furman A, Darendeliler F, Baş F. Reference values for weight, height, head circumference, and body mass index in Turkish Children. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2015; 7: 280-293.

19. Clemente MG, Mandato C, Poeta M, Vajro P. Pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: recent solutions, unresolved issues, and future research directions. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22: 8078- 8093.

20. Chen CL, Cheng YF, Yu CY, et al. Living donor liver transplantation: the Asian perspective. Transplantation 2014; 97 (Suppl 8): S3.

21. Singh D, Das CJ, Baruah MP. Imaging of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A road less travelled. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2013; 17: 990-995.

22. Joseph AE, Saverymuttu SH, Al-Sam S, Cook MG, Maxwell JD. Comparison of liver histology with ultrasonography in assessing diffuse parenchymal liver disease. Clin Radiol 1991; 43: 26-31.

23. Saverymuttu SH, Joseph AE, Maxwell JD. Ultrasound scanning in the detection of hepatic fibrosis and steatosis. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1986; 292: 13-15.

24. Shannon A, Alkhouri N, Carter-Kent C, et al. Ultrasonographic quantitative estimation of hepatic steatosis in children with NAFLD. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2011; 53: 190-195.

25. Fitzpatrick E, Dhawan A. Noninvasive biomarkers in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: current status and a glimpse of the future. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 10851-10863.

26. Charatcharoenwitthaya P, Lindor KD. Role of radiologic modalities in the management of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Liver Dis 2007; 11: 37- 54.

27. Li Q, Dhyani M, Grajo JR, Sirlin C, Samir AE. Current status of imaging in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Hepatol 2018; 10: 530-542.

28. Guzmán-Aroca F, Frutos-Bernal MD, Bas A, et al. Detection of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in patients with morbid obesity before bariatric surgery: preliminary evaluation with acoustic radiation force impulse imaging. Eur Radiol 2012; 22: 2525-2532.

29. Kim JR, Suh CH, Yoon HM, Lee JS, Cho YA, Jung AY. The diagnostic performance of shear-wave elastography for liver fibrosis in children and adolescents: a systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis. Eur Radiol 2018; 28: 1175-1186.

30. Kamble R, Sodhi KS, Thapa BR, et al. Liver acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) in childhood obesity: comparison and correlation with biochemical markers. J Ultrasound 2016; 20: 33-42.

31. Marginean CO, Marginean C. Elastographic assessment of liver fibrosis in children: a prospective single center experience. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81: e870-e874.

32. Bailey SS, Youssfi M, Patel M, Hu HH, Shaibi GQ, Towbin RB. Shear-wave ultrasound elastography of the liver in normal-weight and obese children. Acta Radiol 2017; 58: 1511-1518.

33. Vajro P, Maddaluno S, Veropalumbo C. Persistent hypertransaminasemia in asymptomatic children: a stepwise approach. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19: 2740-2751.

34. Mofrad P, Contos MJ, Haque M, et al. Clinical and histologic spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated with normal ALT values. Hepatology 2003; 37: 1286-1292.

35. Schwimmer JB, Dunn W, Norman GJ, et al. SAFETY study: alanine aminotransferase cutoff values are set too high for reliable detection of pediatric chronic liver disease. Gastroenterology 2010; 138: 1357-1364.

36. Wong VW, Vergniol J, Wong GL, et al. Diagnosis of fibrosis and cirrhosis using liver stiffness measurement in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2010; 51: 454-462.

37. Engelmann G, Gebhardt C, Wenning D, et al. Feasibility study and control values of transient elastography in healthy children. Eur J Pediatr 2012; 171: 353-360.

38. Hanquinet S, Rougemont AL, Courvoisier D, et al. Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography for the noninvasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis in children. Pediatr Radiol 2013; 43: 545-551.
Turkish Journal of Pediatrics-Cover
  • ISSN: 0041-4301
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 6 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 1958
  • Yayıncı: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Çocuk Sağlığı Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

Timeliness of postnatal surgery in newborns with open neural tube defects: a single center experience

Mine Kanat PEKTAŞ, Mehmet Gazi BOYACI, Hilal KOYUNCU, Ahmet Afşin KUNDAK, Ayhan PEKTAŞ

The causes of parental vaccine refusal: results of a survey from Giresun, Turkey

Özlem TERZİ, Elif Nur GÜLEN, Cihad DÜNDAR

Health insurance status and outcomes in children, adolescents, and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Congyang HUANG, Hanshan LİU, Honglian HU, Li JİA, Suyun HU

Clinical and molecular characteristics of carnitineacylcarnitine translocase deficiency with c.270delC and a novel c.408C>A variant

Berrak Bilginer GÜRBÜZ, Ali DURSUN, Turgay COŞKUN, Can KOŞUKCU, Didem Yücel YILMAZ, Rıza Köksal ÖZGÜL, Ayşegül TOKATLI, Hatice Serap SİVRİ

The performance of shear wave elastography on evaluating liver changes in obese and overweight children

Selcen Yaroğlu KAZANCI, Neslihan ÖZKUL SAĞLAM, Sadık Sami HATİPOĞLU, Sema AKSOY, Figen PALABIYIK, Ercan İNCİ

A very rare cause of protein losing enteropathy: Gaucher disease

Mehmet Akif GÖKTAŞ, Ersin GÜMÜŞ, Hülya DEMİR, Hayriye HIZIRCIOĞLU GÜLŞEN, İnci Nur Saltık TEMİZEL, Hasan ÖZEN, Aysel YÜCE, Şafak GÜÇER

Developmental parameters and physical fitness in preschool children with Minor Neurological Dysfunction

Halil ALKAN, Akmer MUTLU, Göknur HALİLOĞLU

Developmental evaluation in children experiencing febrile convulsions

Didem DERİCİ YILDIRIM, Rojan İPEK, Khatuna MAKHAROBLİDZE, Burçin GÖNÜLLÜ POLAT, Meltem ÇOBANOĞULLARI DİREK, Mustafa KÖMÜR, Çetin OKUYAZ

Effects of lockdown during corona pandemic on children with neurodevelopmental disorders-A questionnaire-based survey

Jyotindra Narayan GOSWAMİ, Manu BAMAL, Vishal SONDHİ, Ashish Kumar SİMALTİ, Shuvendu ROY

Intranasal supernumerary tooth in a child: a case report

Yoon Seok CHOI, Yong-Dae KİM, Chang Hoon BAE, Hyung Gyun NA