Meryem Cansu ŞAHİN, İsmail KAYA, Murat ATAR, İlker Deniz CİNGÖZ, Ceren KIZMAZOĞLU, Salih KAVUNCU, Hasan Emre AYDIN, Nevin AYDIN

Three Dimensional Printing and Biomaterials in the Repairment of Bone Defects; Hydroxyapatite PLA Filaments

Background/aim: Application fields of bone tissue engineering studies continue to expand. New biocompatible materials aimed toimprove bone repairment and regeneration of implants are being discovered everyday by scientists, engineers, and surgeons. Ourobjective in this study is to combine polylactic acid which is a polymer with hydroxyapatite in the repairment of bone defects consideringthe increased need by medical application fields.Materials and methods: After 750 g of PLA with a diameter of 2.85 mm was granulated into minimum particles, these particles werehomogenously mixed with hydroxyapatite prepared in laboratory environment. Using this mixture, HA-PLA filament with a diameterof 2.85 mm was prepared in the extrusion device in Kütahya Medical Sciences University Innovative Technology Laboratory. Thetemperature was 250 °C and the gearmotor speed was 9 rpm during extrusion. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was made for crystalphase analyses of the produced hydroxyapatite powder, to determine the produced main phase and examine whether a minor phaseoccurred. Vickers microhardness test was applied on both samples to measure the endurance levels of the samples prepared with HAPLA filament. A loading force of 10 kg was applied on the samples for 10 s.Results: Hydroxyapatite peaks in XRD spectrum of the sample presented in figures are concordant with Joint Committee on PowderDiffraction Standards, JCPDS - File Card No. 01-075-9526 and no significant minor phase was observed. For both samples, hardnessvalue was observed to increase between 3 and 5 mm.Conclusion: Surfacing hydroxyapatite on metallic materials is possible. By similar logic, to increase durability with low cost, characteristicsof biomaterials can be improved with combinations such as hydroxyapatite PLA. Thus, we found that while these materials have usagelimitations due to present disadvantages when used alone, it is possible to increase their efficiency and availability through differentcombinations.

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