KASTAMONU İLİ VAHŞİ DEPOLAMA ALANI TOPRAKLARINDA AĞIR METAL KONSANTRASYONLARININ İNCELENMESİ

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kastomonu ilinde yer alan evsel nitelikli çöp sahası topraklarının bazı kimyasal özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Şehir çöplüğüne yakınlık-uzaklık mesafesine göre Çok yakın (ÇY), Yakın (Y), Orta (O) Uzak (U) ve Çok uzak (ÇU) şeklinde 5 farklı mesafeden toprak örnekleri toplanmıştır. Sonuçlar topraktaki ağır metal birikiminin mesafelere göre önemli ölçüde değiştiğini göstermiştir. Ağır metal konsantrasyonlarından Co, Cr, Cu (sadece Y ve ÇY), Zn (sadece Y ve ÇY) ile Ni (O hariç) konsantrasyonları, Türkiye değerleri için izin verilen maksimum sınırı (MAL) aşmıştır. Bununla birlikte, Mo, Pb ve Cd konsantrasyonları MAL sınır değerlerinin altındadır. Sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, şehir çöplüğü atıkların çevreyi olumsuz yönde etkilediği görülmektedir. Bu nedenle şehir çöplüğü topraklarında biriken ağır metallerin miktarını azaltmak için bu alana boşaltılan atıkların konsantre edilmesi veya geri dönüştürülmesi etkili olacaktır. Ayrıca metalle kirlenmiş topraklar için iyileştirme tekniğinden birisi olan fitoremediasyon en uygun maliyetli, çevre dostu ve kolay bir uygulamadır. Fitoremediasyon tekniği, bu kirletici maddeleri bünyesinde biriktiren bitkiler kullanılarak kirletici maddelerin topraktan uzaklaştırılması, yer değiştirmesi veya azaltılması sağlanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ağır metal konsantrasyonu, şehir çöplüğü, kirlilik, Kastamonu

INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN SOIL CAUSED BY WILD STORAGE DUMPSITE IN KASTAMONU CITY

The aim of this study was to reveal the effects of domestic dumpsite on the some soil chemical properties in the surface soils in Kastamonu city. The soil samples were collected from the 5 different distances namely; Very adjacent (VA), Adjacent (A), Middle (M), Far (F) and Very far (VF). The results showed that the accumulation of heavy metal in the soil varied significantly with the distances. Among the heavy metals, the concentrations of Co, Cr, Cu (only A and VA), Zn (only A and VA), Ni (except for M) exceeded the Maximum Allowable Limit (MAL) for Turkey values. However, the concentrations of Mo, Pb and Cd were below the MAL limit values. When all results are considered, it can be stated that the waste dumpsites can negatively affect the environment. Therefore, we make sure that the dumped materials should be concentrated and recycled in order to decrease the amount of heavy metals in the dumpsites and in the soils around the dumpsites. In addition, phytoremediation, which is all the remediation technique available for metal contaminated soils, is the most costly, environmentally friendly and easy to apply. Phytoremediation can be used to remove, displace or reduce contaminants from soil by using plants that hyperaccumulate these contaminants.

Keywords:

Heavy metal concentration, dumpsite, contamination, Kastamonu,

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