Berna KULAC, Gülüzar ATLI, Mustafa CANLI

Investigations on the ATPase activities and cadmium Uptake in freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus following exposures to cadmium in increased salinity

İnsan kaynaklı aktiviteler sonucu tatlısuların tuzluluğunu artabilir. Bu nedenle, tatlısu balığı Oreochromis niloticus artmış tuzluluklarda (0, 2, 4 ve 8 ppt) 0, 1, 3, 7 ve 14 gün sure ile Cd (1.0 μg/mL) etkisine bırakıldı. Tuzluluk ve Cdnin ayrı ayrı ve birlikte etkilerine maruz kalan balıkların solungaç, böbrek ve bağırsak dokularında Na+/K+-ATPaz, Mg2+-ATPaz, Ca2+-ATPaz aktiviteleri ölçüldü. Genellikle, sadece tuzluluk etkisinde kalan balıkların solungaç ve bağırsaklarında Na+/K+- ATPaz aktivitesi artarken böbrekte daha az değişim görülmüştür. Mg2+-ATPaz aktivitesi de bağırsak ve böbrek dokularında önemli oranda değişim göstermiştir. Ca2+-ATPaz aktivitesinin bütün dokularda azalmakla birlikte böbrekte en fazla azaldığı görülmüştür. Tuzluluk+Cd kombinasyonuna maruz kalan balıkların solungaç Na+/K+-ATPaz aktivitesi 2 ppt de azalırken, 8 ppt de artmıştır. Bağırsak Na+/K+-ATPaz aktivitesi tuzluluk artışına bağlı olarak azalış gösterirken, böbrek Na+/K+-ATPaz aktivitesinde önemli bir azalma görülmemiştir. Mg2+-ATPaz ve Ca2+-ATPaz aktiviteleri tuzluluk artışıyla birlikte azalma eğiliminde göstermiştir. Dokularda Cd birikimi tuzluluk artışına bağlı olarak azalmakla birlikte, en uzun sürede tuzluluğa bağlı olmaksızın solungaç Cd düzeyi artmıştır. Balık ATPaz enzimleri sucul ortamdaki değişimlere oldukça hassas olduğundan, sonuçlar çevresel araştırmalarda ATPaz aktivitelilerinin ölçülmesinin gerekliliğini vurgulamıştır.

Tatlısu balığı Oreochromis niloticus un tuzluluğu artmış ortamda kadmiyum etkisine kalmasını takiben kadmiyum alınımının ve ATPaz aktivitelerinin araştırılması

Anthropogenic activities can increase the salinity of freshwaters. Thus, freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus were exposed to Cd (1.0 μg/mL) in increased salinities (0, 2, 4 and 8 ppt) for 0, 1, 3, 7 and 14 days. Following single and combine exposures to salinity and Cd, Na+/K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase activities were measured in the gill, kidney and intestine. In general, salinity alone exposures increased Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the gill and intestine while there were fewer alterations in the kidney. Mg2+-ATPase activity significantly altered in the intestine and kidney. Ca2+-ATPase in the tissues significantly decreased, the kidney showing the most decrease. Salinity+Cd combine exposures decreased Na+/K+- ATPase activity in 2 ppt medium in the gill while the activity increased at 8 ppt medium. Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the intestine decreased in relation to salinity increase, though there was no significant decrease in the kidney. Mg2+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase activities showed a declining trend with the increase in salinity. Cd accumulation in the tissues decreased as the salinity of medium increased, though accumulation in the gill increased regardless of salinity increase at the longest exposure period. Results emphasized necessity of measuring fish ATPase activities in evaluation of data from environmental monitoring, as they are highly sensitive to the changes in the aquatic medium.

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