Impact of depth and season on the demersal trawl discard

Değişkenliğe sebep olabilecek kaynakların en aza indirilebilmesi için tüm yıl boyunca aynı avcılık sahasında tüm derinlik katmanlarında aynı araştırma teknesi ile toplanmış aylık trol örneklemesi sonuçları kullanılmıştır. Bu yolla, bölgede uygulanan balıkçılık düzenlemelerinden bağımsız olarak potansiyel ıskarta miktarı ve komposizyonu elde edilmiştir. Iskarta edilen av miktarı Generalized Additive Model kullanılarak derinlik ve zamanın fonksiyonu olarak modellenmiştir. Bunun üzerine elde edilen model uygulanan balıkçılık düzenlemelerinin ıskarta miktarını üzerindeki etkisinin sayısallaştırılmasında kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, trollere uygulanan ava kapalı dönem ile %49, derinlik (mesafe) yasakları ile ise %57 azaltılmaktadır. Bu düzenlemeler toplamda ise pazarlanabilir avda %73 azalmaya karşılık ıskarta miktarını %77 azaltmaktadır. Ayrıca 1980‟lerde aynı alanda aynı araştırma teknesi ile yapılan benzer bir çalışmanın sonuçları uygulanan söz konusu düzenlemelerin balık komposizyonunun şekillenmesindeki olası etkilerinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılmıştır.

Demersal trollerde mevsim ve derinliğin ıskarta oranına etkisi

Given that the discard has crucial impact on the coastal ecosystems, various countries around the world adopted various regulations to reduce the discard of non-commercial and undersized commercial species in the trawl catch, such as trawl exclusion depths and closed season. In this work discarded part of the catch of a trawl has been assessed to evaluate impact of depth and season. Monthly trawl-survey data, collected by the same research vessel operating all year round over the entire depth ranges of the same fishing ground, were used in order to minimize the sources of variation. By this mean, potential rather than absolute composition and quantity discarded by a trawl boat were estimated regardless of fishing regulations applied to the fleet. A generalized additive model was used to model the quantity of discarded catch as a function of depth and time. The model outputs were then used to quantify the impact of fishing regulations on the reduction in discard. The results suggested that the quantity of the catch returned to the sea is reduced 49% by trawl closure and 57% by trawling depth limitations. Overall, season and depth regulations reduce the discard by 77% at the expense of a 73% reduction in marketable catch. Finally, past trawl-survey data collected in the 1980s at the same site with the same research vessel and with the same net were used to evaluate possible impacts of regulations on the modification of fish composition

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