Hajrudin BESIROVIC, Amer ALIC, Senad PRASOVIC, Wolfgang DROMMER

Histopathological effects of chronic exposure to cadmium and zinc on kidneys and gills of brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario)

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 46 haftalık deney süresinde beher kadmiyum ve çinko zehirlenmesine uğrayan kahverengi alabalığın (Salmo trutta m. fario) organları üzerindeki histopatolojik değişiklikleri belirlemektir. Balıklar, deney için oluşturulan oksijenli tatlı su havzalarında muhafaza edilmiştir. Araştırma süresince kontrol bölgeyle birlikte iki deney havzası oluşturulmuştur. Her havzaya ortalama ağırlığı 15 gram olan, 30 adet ve bir yaşında kahverengi alabalık koyulmuştur. Venugopal’a göre balıklar için peroral toksik dozlar tam olarak tespit edilemez. Kesin ölümcül dozlar ($LD_ {50}$ ve LD) yalnızca birkaç laboratuar hayvanı için tespit edilebilir. Fakat fareler için olan peroral ölümcül dozlardan, balıklar için yaklaşık toksik dozlar hesaplamak mümkündür. Hesaplanan değerler sırasıyla kadmiyum klorür için 4,4 mg/kg ve çinko sülfat için 11 mg/kg’dır. Deneysel aşamada sözü edilen kadmiyum klorür ve çinko sülfat değerlerine uygun olarak hazırlanan çözeltide balık yemi bekletilmiştir. Sonuç olarak beslenme rejiminin %2 vücut ağırlığı/gün yem rasyonu içerdiği dikkate alındığında balıklar deneysel aşamada bahsi geçen toksik dozları tüketmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

dere alabalığı, kadmiyum, böbrekler, zehirlenme, çinko, histopatoloji, Salmo trutta, solungaçlar, ağır metaller

Kronik uygulanan kadmiyum ve çinkoya maruz kalan kahverengi alabalığın (Salmo trutta m. fario) böbrek ve solungaçlarına histopatolojik etkileri

The aim of the present study was to investigate the histopathological changes on the organs of the brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario) inflicted by per oral cadmium and zinc poisoning in the 46- week experimental period. The fish were kept in well-oxygenated freshwater basins which were purposely set for the experiment. During the investigation, we set up two experimental basins along with the control one. We put 30 specimens of one-year-old brown trout of the average weight of 15 grams in each basin. According to Venugopal, peroral toxic doses for fish can not be determined precisely. Accurate lethal doses ($LD_ {50}$ and LD) can only be established for a number of laboratory animals. However, it is possible to calculate the approximate toxic doses for fish from peroral lethal doses for rats. The calculated values for cadmium chloride are 4,4 mg/kg and 11 mg/kg for zinc sulphate, respectively. In the experimental stage we soaked the fish food in solutions made in conformity with the aforementioned values of cadmium chloride and zink sulphate. As a result, the fish consumed the aforementioned toxic doses in the experimental stage, considering that the feeding regimen included the food ration of 2% body weight/day.

Keywords:

brown trout, cadmium, kidneys, poisoning, zinc, histopathology, Salmo trutta, gills, heavy metals,

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