Yusuf GÜNER, Zerife PEKER, Muhammet ALTUNOK

Gökkuşağı Alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss)’nın Fotoperiyodik Kontrollü Yumurtlamasında Poliploidi için Sıcaklık Şoku Uygulamasının Optimizasyonu

Doğal balık stokları kendilerinden genetik olarak farklılıklar gösteren çiftlik balıkları ile soyiçi çiftleşme ya da rekabetten kaynaklı risk altındadırlar. Kısır veya tümü dişi triploid bireylerin yetiştirilmesi doğal gen kaynaklarının veya yerel türlerin biyolojik çeşitliliğinin korunması açısından önleyici bir tedbir olabilir. Ploidi için teknikler iyi açıklanmasına rağmen, bunların salmonidlerde yaygın olarak kullanılan yapay fotoperiyod ile uyarılan mevsim dışı üretimde uygulanabilirliği ile ilgili bir bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Diploid gino-genomların ve triploidlerin mevsim dışı üretimdeki ploidizasyon protokolünü optimize etmek ve yeniden belirlemek için, gökkuşağı alabalığı'nda (Onchorhynchus mykiss) en uygun UV ile sperm inaktivasyonunun ve yumurtalara sıcaklık şoku uygulamasının belirlenmesi amacıyla üç deneme kurulmuştur. Uygulanan işlem aralığında besin keseli yavruda yüksek yaşama oranı (%82.3-84.5) ve yüksek verim (yaklaşık %100) elde edilmiştir. Uygulanan işlemler arasında yaşama oranı açısından önemli farklılıklar bulunmakla birlikte, en iyi optimizasyon döllenmeden 20 dk sonra 10 dk süreyle uygulanan 26 °C'lik sıcaklık şokuyla belirlenmiştir

Optimization of Thermal Shock for Poliplody Induction in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under Photoperiodic Control of Spawning

Natural fish stocks could be at risk due to interbreeding or competition with farmed fish, which often differ genetically from their counterparts in wild. Farming of sterile or all-female triploids could be a powerfull preventative measure for preservation of natural gene resources or biodiversity of native species. Although, techniques for ploidy are well described in many fish species, there is no report whether the previous techniques applicable in out-off-season production induced by artificial photoperiod that is widely used in salmonid aquaculture. In order to optimize and refund ploidization protocol for off-season production of diploid gynogenomes and triploids three experiments were conducted to determine the optimal UV inactivation of sperm and heat shock treatment of eggs in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). High survival at yolk sac absorption stage (82.3–84.5%) and high yields (approx. 100%) were achieved from the range of treatments applied. There were significant differences in survival rates among treatments and the best optimisation was defined as the shock timing at 20 minutes post-fertilisation for 10 min duration at the shock temperature of 26 °C

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