Naasrin MASHAİİ, Farhad RAJABİPOUR, Arash SHAKOURİ

Feeding habits of the scalloped spiny lobstrer, Panulirus homarus (linnaeus, 1758) (decapoda: Palinuridae) from the south east coast of Iran

İran’ın güneydoğu kıyısında aylık dalış yapılarak toplanan 260 taraklı istakozun Panulirus homarus beslenme alışkanlıklarına bazı ekolojik unsurların etkisi incelenmiştir. Üzerinde durulan parametreler: su sıcaklığı, tuzluluk, bulanıklık, pH, çözünmüş oksijen ve makrobentostur. Ortalama boş mide sayısı %25 ile %62 arasında değişmektedir. İstatistik analizler, boş olmayan midelerin sıklığında aylık veya mevsimsel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığını ortaya koymuştur (P>0,05). Boş olmayan her midede 1 ila 6 farklı besin ayırt edilebilmektedir. Elde edilen besine ait aylık ortalama sayımlar 8,76±4,18 ile 154,95±73,62 arasında olup Tukey HSD testinin sonucunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark görülmemiştir. Farklı besin grupları arasında çift kabuklular, genellikle azami Fi ve Pi miktarlarına sahip olmuştur. Farklı boy grubu, cinsiyet, kabuk değişim kondisyonu ve dişilerde yumurta varlığı olan her besin grubunun rastlanma sıklığı arasında Person $chi^ 2$ testi, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı herhangi bir fark göstermemiştir (P>0,05). Yengeçlerin, karındanbacaklılar ve çiftkabuklulara (bivalve) ait İvlev’in seçicilik göstergesi 1’e yakın bulunmuş ve çokkıllılar (polychaete) ve derisidikenliler (echinoderma) için -1’e doğru eğilim göstermiştir. Bu gösterge; yengeçlerin, çiftkabukluların ve karındanbacaklıların, yıl boyunca diyette diğer sedimenden daha önemli olduğunu göstermiştir. Besin bulunma sıklıkları; bölgede çiftkabukluların ana yem olduğunu, yengeçlerin, karındanbacaklıların, kaya midyelerinin ve alglerin ikincil yem olduğunu ve çokkıllıların, balıkların, derisidikenlilerin ve tulumluların (ascidiacea) P. homarus için yan besinler olduğunu öne sürmüştür. Farklı boy sınıflarına, cinsiyete, kabuk değiştirme ve yumurtalı dişilere karşılık mide doluluğuna ait Spearman’ın korelasyon katsayısı, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır (P>0,05). Vücut ağırlığına karşılık midedeki çiftkabuklulara ait puan sayısı arasında yalnızca Pearson’un korelasyonu anlamlı bulunmuştur (P

Anahtar Kelimeler:

beslenme alışkanlığı, İran

İran’ın Güneydoğu kıyısında taraklı istakoz, Panulirus homarus (linneaus, 1758) (decapoda: Palinuridae) beslenme alışkanlıkları

Certain ecological aspects of the feeding habits of 260 scalloped lobsters Panulirus homarus collected during monthly dives off the southeast coast of Iran were considered. Parameters under consideration included: water temperature, salinity, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen and macrobenthose of the lobsters habitat. The mean number of empty stomachs varied from 25% to 62%. Statistical analysis revealed no monthly or seasonal significant difference in the frequency of non-empty stomachs (P>0.05). 1 to 6 prey items were distinguishable in each non-empty stomach. Monthly mean of point counts of prey obtained was from 8.76±4.18 to 154.95±73.62, without any significant difference by Tukeys’ HSD test. Bivalves often had the maximum amounts of Fi and Pi amongst different prey items. Pearson $chi^ 2$ test did not show any significant difference between frequency of occurrence of each prey item with different length classes, sex, moulting condition and presence of eggs in females (P>0.05). Ivlev electivity index of crabs, gastropods and bivalves was close to 1 and sloped to -1 for polychaetes and echinoderms. This index revealed crabs, bivalves and gastropods were more important in the diet than sediment throughout the year. Frequencies of food occurrence suggest bivalves as the main food; crabs, gastropods, barnacles and algae as secondary food and polychaetes, fish, echinoderms and Ascidiacea as incidental food for P. homarus in the area. Spearmans’ correlation coefficients of stomach fullness against different length classes, sexes, moulting and ovigerous females were not significantly different (P>0.05). There was only a significant Pearsons' correlation between the number of point for bivalves in the stomach against body weight (P<0.05).

Keywords:

feeding habits, Iran,

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