Katarzyna TARGONSKA, Krzysztof KUPREN, Roman KUJAWA, Andrzej MAMCARZ, Zbigniew KACZKOWSKİ, Jan GLOGOWSKI, Radoslaw K. KOVALSKI, Daniel ZARSKI, Ezbieta WYSZOMIRSKA, Dariusz KUCHARCZYK

Artificial Reproduction of Different Dace, Leuciscus leuciscus (L.) Populations as a Method for Biodiversity Preservation

This study presents the results of inducing spermiation and ovulation of dace (Leuciscus leuciscus L.) spawners collected from different parts in of Poland. Artificial reproduction was performed using carp pituitary homogenate (CPH), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), agents containing a GnRHa with a dopamine inhibitor supplement (Ovopel and Ovaprim, GnRHa combined with metoclopramide) and GnRHa alone conducted during the spawning season. Males from the control group produced similar volumes of semen and sperm motility as fish after hormonal preparation application. Stimulation of ovulation by manipulation of environmental factors as well as by GnRHa alone did not trigger ovulation within 70 hrs following administration of a resolving injection, but did cause GV migration. Applying GnRHa with the dopamine inhibitors or CPH produced 80-100 % ovulation in females. The differences in reproduction between fish populations were reflected in ovulation synchronization, which was highly variable among populations or embryo survival. The fish stimulated with CPH ovulated several hours earlier than those injected with GnRHa combined with a dopamine inhibitor. The data obtained in the present paper could be applied to the production of the rheophilic cyprinid stocking process and, consequently, could form an important tool in the conservation of endangered or over-exploited finfish populations

___

Augustyn, L. 2004. Restytucja karpiowatych ryb rzecznych w górnym i srodkowym Dunajcu. Archiwum Rybactwa Polskiego, 12: 279-286 (in Polish).

Bolland, J.D., Cowx, I.G. and Lucas, M.C. 2008. Movements and habitat use of wild and stocked juvenile chub, Leuciscus cephalus (L.), in a small lowland river. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 15: 401-407. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2008.00631.x

Brzuska, E. 1979. The in vivo method of estimating the stages of oocytes maturation in carp Cyprinus carpio L. Acta Hydrobiologica, 21: 423-433.

Brzuska, E. 2006. Artificial spawning of female Lithuanian strain B carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) after treatment with carp pituitary homogenate, Ovopel or [D-Tle6, ProNHEt9] Research, 37: 264-271. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2109. 2005.01428.x Aquaculture

Calta, M. 2000. Morphological development and growth of chub (Leuciscus cephalus L.) larvae. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 16: 83-85. doi: 10.1046/j.1439- 0426.2000.00164.x

Cejko, B.I., Kowalski, R.K., Kucharczyk, D., Targonska, K., Krejszeff, S., Zarski, D. and Glogowski, J. 2010. Influence of the length of time after hormonal stimulation on selected parameters of milt of ide Leuciscus idus L. Aquaculture Research, 41: 804-813. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02357.x

Cejko, B.I., Targonska, K., Kowalski, R.K., Zarski, D., Sarosiek, B., Kucharczyk, D. and Glogowski, J., 2012. The effectiveness of hormonal preparations (Ovopel, Ovaprim, LHRHa, hCG and CPE) in stimulating spermiation in dace Leuciscus leuciscus (L.) Journal of Applied Ichthyology 28: 873-877. doi: 10.1111/jai.12054.

Ciesla, M., Jonczyk, R., Gozdowski, D., Sliwinski, J., Rechulicz, J. and Andrzejewski, W. 2014. Changes in ide Leuciscus idus (L.) females' reproductive parameters after stimulation with carp pituitary homogenate (CPH) and Ovopel: the effect of domestication. Aquaculture International, 22: 77-88. doi: 10.1007/s10499-013-9668-z

Demény, T., Trenovszki, M.M., Sokoray-Varga, S., Hegyi, A., Urbányi, B., Zarski, D., Ács, B., Miljanovic, B., Specziár, A. and Müller, T. 2012. Relative efficiencies of Artemia nauplii, d and mixed food diets in intensive rearing of larval Crucian Carp (Carassius carassius L.). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12: 691-698. doi: 0.4194/1303- 2712-v12_3_18

Glogowski, J., Babiak, I., Kucharczyk, D. and Luczynski, M. 1997. The effect of individual male variability on cryopreservation of bream (Abramis brama (L.)) sperm. Polish Archives of Hydrobiology, 44: 281-285.

Horváth, L., Szabó, T. and Burke, J. 1997. Hatchery testing of GnRH analogue-containing pellets on ovulation in four Hydrobiology, 44: 221-226. Polish Archives of

Jamróz, M., Kucharczyk, D., Hakuc-Blazowska, A., Krejszeff ,S., Kujawa, R., Kupren, K., Kwiatkowski, M., Targonska, K., Zarski, D., Cejko, B.I. and Glogowski, J. 2008. Comparing the effectiveness of Ovopel, Ovaprim and LH-RH analogue used in the controlled reproduction of ide, Leuciscus idus (L.). Archives of Polish Fisheries 16: 363-370. doi: 10.2478/s10086-008-0024-2

Kestemont, P. 1989. Hormonal induction of the ovulation and spermiation of the gudgeon Gobio gobio L. In: N. De Pauw, E. Jespers, H. Ackerfors, N. Wilkins (Eds.), Aquaculture - A Biotechnology in Progress, Belgium, Bredene: 527-536.

Kouril, J., Mraz, J., Hamackova, J. and Barth, T. 2008. Hormonal induction of tench (Tinca tinca L.) ovulation with the same treatments over two consecutive reproductive seasons. Cybium, 32: 61.

Kowalski, R., Glogowski, J., Kucharczyk, D., Goryczko, K., Dobosz, S. and Ciereszko, A. 2003. Proteolytic activity and electrophoretic profiles of proteases from seminal plasma of teleost. Journal of Fish Biology, 62: 1008-1019. doi: 10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.002

Kowalski, R., Cejko, B.I., Sarosiek, B., Kucharczyk, D., Targonska, K. and Glogowski, J. 2012. Temporal changes in motility parameters of dace Leuciscus leuciscus (L.) sperm obtained from spermatic ducts and directly from testicles. Polish Journal of Natural Sciences 27: 193-201.

Krejszeff, S., Kucharczyk, D., Kupren, K., Targonska, K., Mamcarz, A., Kujawa, R., Kaczkowski, Z. and Ratajski, S. 2008. Reproduction of chub, Leuciscus cephalus L., under controlled conditions. Aquaculture Research, 2109.2008.01942.x doi: 10.1111/j.1365

Krejszeff, S., Targonska, K., Zarski, D. and Kucharczyk, D. 2009. Domestication affects spawning of the ide (Leuciscus idus)-preliminary study. Aquaculture, 295: 145-147. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.06.032

Krejszeff, S., Targonska, K., Zarski, D. and Kucharczyk, D. 2010. Comparison of artificial reproduction of two different spawn-forms of the chub. Reproductive Biology, 10: 67-74. doi: 10.1016/S1642-431X(12) 60038-2

Kucharczyk, D., Kujawa, R., Mamcarz, A., Skrzypczak, A. and Wyszomirska, E. 1996. Induced spawning in perch, Perca fluviatilis L. using carp pituitary extract and hCG. Aquaculture Research, 27: 847-852. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2109.1996.t01-1-00802.x

Kucharczyk, D., Kujawa, R., Mamcarz, A., Targonska- Dietrich, K., Wyszomirska, E., Glogowski, J., Babiak, I. and Szabó, T. 2005. Induced spawning in bream (Abramis brama L.) using pellets containing GnRH. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 50: 89-95.

Kucharczyk, D., Targonska, K., Zarski, D., Kujawa, R. and Mamcarz, A. 2008. A review of the reproduction biotechnology for fish from the genus Leuciscus. Archives of Polish Fisheries, 16: 319-340. doi: 10.2478/s10086-008-0021-5

Kucharczyk, D., Zarski, D., Targonska, K., Luczynski, M., Szczerbowski, A., Nowosad, J., Kujawa, R. and Mamcarz A. 2014. Induced artificial androgenesis in common tench, Tinca tinca (L.), using common carp and common bream eggs. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 13: 196-200. doi:10.4081/ijas.2014.2890

Kujawa, R., Mamcarz, A. and Kucharczyk, D. 1997. Effect of temperature on embryonic development of asp (Aspius aspius L.). Polish Archives of Hydrobiology, 44: 139-143.

Kujawa, R., Kucharczyk, D. and Mamcarz, A. 1999. A model system for keeping spawners of wild and domestic fish before artificial spawning. Aquacultural Engineering 20: 85-89. doi: 10.1016/S0144-8609(99) 00004-7

Kujawa, R., Furgala-Selezniow, G., Mamcarz, A., Lach M., and Kucharczyk, D. 2015. Influence of temperature on the growth and survivability of sichel larvae Pelecus cultratus reared under controlled conditions. Ichthyological 10.1007/s10228-014-0419-6 62: 163-170. doi:

Kupren, K., Mamcarz, A., Kucharczyk, D., Prusinska, M. and Krejszeff, S. 2008. Influence of water temperature on eggs incubation time and embryonic development of fish from genus Leuciscus. Polish Journal of Natural Sciences, 23: 461-481. doi: 10.2478/v10020- 008-0036-9

Lahnsteiner, F., Mansour, N. and Berger, B. 2004. The effect of inorganic and organic pollutants on sperm motility of some freshwater teleosts. Journal of Fish Biology, 65: 1283-1297. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-1112. 2004.00528.x

Mann, R.H.K. 1996. Environmental requirements of European non-salmonid fish in rivers. Hydrobiologia, 323: 23-235. doi: 10.1007/BF00007848

Mylonas, C.C., Gissis, A., Magnus, Y. and Zohar, Y. 1997. Hormonal changes in male white bass (Morone chrysops) and evaluation of milt quality after treatment with a sustained-release GnRHa delivery system. Aquaculture, 153: 301-311. doi: 10.1016/S0044-8486(97)00021-5

Nowosad, J., Zarski, D., Bilas, M., Dryl., Krejszeff. and Kucharczyk, D. 2013. Dynamics of ammonia excretion in juvenile common tench, Tinca tinca (L.), during intensive rearing under controlled conditions. Aquaculture International, 21: 629-637. doi:10.1007/s10499-012-9596-3

Nowosad J., Targonska, K., Chwaluczyk, R., Kaszubowski, R. and Kucharczyk, D. 2014. Effect of temperature on the effectiveness of artificial reproduction of dace [Cyprinidae laboratory and field conditions. Journal of Thermal Biology, 45: 62-68. leuciscus (L.))] under assemblage changes relative to

Penczak, T. and Kruk, A. 2000. Threatened obligatory riverine fishes in human-modified Polish rivers. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 9: 109-117.

Penáz, M., Prokes, M., Kouril, J. and Hamackova, J. 1983. Early development of the carp, Cyprinus carpio. Acta Scientia Naturalia Brno, 17: 1-39.

Peter, R.E., Lin, H.R., van der Kraak, G. and Little, M. 1993. Releasing hormones, dopamine antagonists and induced spawning. In: J.P. Muir, P. Roberts (Eds.), Recent Advances in Aquaculture. Institute of Aquaculture, Oxford: 25-30. Scientific Publications,

Ronyai, A. 2007. Induced out-of-season and seasonal tank spawning and stripping of pike perch (Sander lucioperca L.) Aquaculture Research, 38: 1144-1151. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01778.x

Szabó, T., Medgyasszay, C. and Horváth, L. 2002. Ovulation induction in nase (Chondrostoma nasus, Cyprinidae) using pituitary extract or GnRH analogue combined with domperidone. Aquaculture, 203: 389- 395. doi: 10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00635-4

Takashima, F., Weil, C., Billard, R., Crim, L.W. and Fostier, A. 1984. Stimulation of spermiation by LHRH analogue in carp. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, 50:1323-1329.

Targonska, K. and Kucharczyk, D. 2011. The application of hCG, CPH and Ovopel in successful artificial reproduction of goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus) under Domestic Animals, 46: 651-655. doi: 10.1111/j.1439- 0531.2010.01723.x Reproduction in

Targonska-Dietrich, K., Zielazny, T., Kucharczyk, D., Mamcarz, A. and Kujawa, R. 2004. Out-of-season spawning of cultured ide (Leuciscus idus L.) under controlled conditions. Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities, 7(2): 2.

Targonska, K., Zarski, D. and Kucharczyk, D. 2008. A review of the artificial reproduction of asp, Aspius aspius (L.) and nase, Chondrostoma nasus (L.). Archives of Polish Fisheries, 6: 341-354. doi: 10.2478/s10086-008-0022-4

Targonska, K., Kucharczyk, D., Kujawa, R., Mamcarz, A. and Zarski, D. 2010. Controlled reproduction of asp, Aspius aspius (L.) using luteinizing hormone releasing hormone inhibitors. 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.05.027 with 407-410. Aquaculture, 306: doi:

Targonska, K., Kucharczyk, D. Zarski, D., Cejko, B.I., Krejszeff, S. Kupren, K., Król, R., Dryl, K., Kowalski, R.K. and Glogowski, J. 2011a. Artificial reproduction of wild and cultured barbel (Barbus barbus, Cyprinidae) under controlled conditions. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, 59: 363-372. doi: 10.1556/ AVet.2011.021

Targonska, K., Kupren, K., Zarski, D., Król, R. and Kucharczyk, D. 2011b. Influence of thermal conditions on successful ide (Leuciscus idus L.) artificial reproduction during spawning season. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 10: 209-212. doi: 10.4081/ijas.2011.e50

Zarski, D. 2012. First Evidence of Pheromonal Stimulation of Maturation in Eurasian Perch, Perca fluviatilis L., Females. 2012. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12: 771-776. doi: 10.4194/1303- 2712-v12_4_05

Yaron, Z. 1995. Endocrine control of gametogenesis and spawning induction in the carp. Aquaculture, 129: 49- 73. doi: 10.1016/0044-8486(94)00229-H

Yaron, Z., Bogomolnaya, A., Drori, S., Biton, I., Aizen, J., Kulikovsky, Z. and Levavi-Sivan, B. 2009. Spawning induction in the carp: past experience and future prospects - a review. Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh, 61: 5-26.