Passivity-based robust controller design for a variable speed wind energy conversion system

Passivity-based robust controller design for a variable speed wind energy conversion system

: This paper proposes a design method for a robust controller to improve the stability and system dynamic behavior for variable speed wind energy conversion systems. By analyzing the mathematical model of a wind power conversion system, control strategies for both a generator-side converter and a grid-side converter are given. For the generator-side converter, the well-known maximum power point tracking method is employed, while for the grid-side converter, a robust controller is presented based on passivity theory. The L2 -gain performance is analyzed using linear matrix inequality. Moreover, in order to accelerate the dynamic response and reduce the DC link voltage fluctuations, the optimum equilibrium points of the system are designed based on the analysis of the dynamic equations of the DC link voltage. Finally, the proposed method is verified a by hardware-in-the-loop simulation.

___

  • [1] Ooi TJ, Dixon BW, Kulkarni AB, Nishimoto M. An integrated AC drive system using a controlled-current PWM rectifier/inverter link. IEEE T Power Electr 1988; 3: 64–71.
  • [2] Tang Y, Xu L. A flexible active and reactive power control strategy for a variable speed constant frequency generating system. IEEE T Power Electr 1995; 10: 472–478.
  • [3] Malekian K, Shirvani A, Schmidt U, Schufft W. Detailed modeling of wind power plants incorporating variablespeed synchronous generator. In: Electrical Power & Energy Conference, 22–23 October 2009; Montreal, Canada.New York, NY, USA: IEEE. pp 1–6.
  • [4] Dai JC, Hu YP, Liu DS, Wei J. Modelling and analysis of direct-driven permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbine based on wind-rotor neural network model. J Power Energ 2012; 226: 62–72.
  • [5] Wu F, Zhang XP, Ju P, Sterling MJH. Optimal control for AWS-based wave energy conversion system. IEEE T Power Syst 2009: 24: 1747–1755.
  • [6] Sim˜oes MG, Bose BK, Spiegel RJ. Fuzzy logic-based intelligent control of a variable speed cage machine wind generation system. IEEE T Power Electr 1997; 12: 87–95.
  • [7] Choi JW, Sul SK. Fast current controller in three-phase AC/DC boost converter using d-q axis crosscoupling. IEEE T Power Electr 1998; 13: 179–185.
  • [8] Liutanakul P, Pierfederici S, Meibody-Tabar F. DC-link capacitor reduction of a controlled rectifier supplying N inverter-motor drive systems by compensating the load variations. In: IEEE 35th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference; 1 January 2004; Aachen, Germany. New York, NY, USA: IEEE. pp. 1298–1303.
  • [9] Malesani L, Rossetto L, Tenti P, Tomasin P. AC/DC/AC PWM converter with reduced energy storage in the DC link. IEEE T Ind Appl 1995; 31: 287–292.
  • [10] Hur N, Jung J, Nam K. A fast dynamic DC-link power-balancing scheme for a PWM converter-inverter system. IEEE T Ind Appl 2001; 48: 794–803.
  • [11] Gu BG, Nam K. A DC-link capacitor minimization method through direct capacitor current control. IEEE T Ind Appl 2006; 42: 573–581.
  • [12] Nejad MAS, Pierfederici S, Martin JP, Meibody-Tabar F. Study of an hybrid current controller suitable for DC-DC or DC-AC applications. IEEE T Power Electr 2007; 22: 2176–2186.
  • [13] Jung J, Lim S, Nam K. A feedback linearizing control scheme for a PWM converter-inverter having a very small DC-link capacitor. IEEE T Ind Appl 1999; 35: 1124–1131.
  • [14] Lee DC, Lee GM, Lee KD. DC-bus voltage control of three-phase AC/DC PWM converters using feedback linearization. IEEE T Ind Appl 2000; 36: 826–833.
  • [15] Liutanakul P, Pierfederici S, Meibody-Tabar F. Application of SMC with I/O feedback linearization to the control of the cascade controlled-rectifier/inverter- motor drive system with small DC-link capacitor. IEEE T 2008; 23: 2489–2499.
  • [16] Isidori A. Nonlinear Control Systems. New York, NY, USA: Springer-Verlag, 1999.
  • [17] Ortega R, Loria A, Nicklasson PJ, Sira-Ramirez HJ. Passivity-Based Control of Euler-Lagrange Systems. New York, NY, USA: Springer-Verlag, 1998.
  • [18] Ortega R, Loria A, Nicklasson PJ, Sira-Ramirez HJ. Passivity-Based Control of Euler-Lagrange Systems: Mechanical, Electrical and Electromechanical Applications. London, UK: Springer-Verlag, 1998.
  • [19] Gonzalez H, Duarte-Mermoud MA, Pelissier I, Travieso-torres JC, Ortega R. A novel induction motor control scheme using IDA-PBC. J Control Theor Appl 2008; 6: 59–68.
  • [20] Cecati C, Rotondale N. Torque and speed regulation of induction motors using the passivity theory approach. IEEE T Ind Electr 1999; 46: 119–127.
  • [21] Leyva R, Cid-Pastor A, Alonso C, Queinnec I, Tarbouriech S, Martinez-Salamero L. Passivity-based integral control of a boost converter for large-signal stability. IET Control Theor Appl 2006; 153: 139–146.
  • [22] Linares-Flores J, Reger J, Sira-Ram´ırez H. Load torque estimation and passivity-based control of a boostconverter/DC-motor combination. IEEE T Syst Control Tech 2010; 18: 1398–1405.
  • [23] Leyva R, Olalla C, Queinnec I, Tamura K. Passivity-based control for large-signal stability of high-order switching converters. Asian J Control 2012; 14: 335–347.
  • [24] Lee TS. Lagrangian modeling and passivity-based control of three-phase AC/DC voltage-source converters. IEEE T Ind Electr 2004; 51: 892–902.
  • [25] Burkan R. Design of adaptive compensators for the control of robot manipulators robust to unknown structured and unstructured parameters. Turk J Electr Eng Co 2013; 21: 452–469.
  • [26] Shen T, Ortega R, Lu Q, Mei SW. Adaptive L2 disturbance attenuation of Hamiltonian systems with parametric perturbation and application to power systems. Asian J Control 2003; 5: 143–152.
  • [27] Wang Y, Cheng D, Li C, Ge Y. Dissipative Hamiltonian realization and energy-based L2 -disturbance attenuation control of multimachine power systems. IEEE T Autom Control 2003; 48: 1428–1433.
  • [28] Zhao J, Hill DJ. On stability, L2 -gain and H∞ control for switched systems. Automatica 2008; 44: 1220–1232.
  • [29] Benaidja N. Softcomputing identification techniques of asynchronous machine parameters: evolutionary strategy and chemotaxis algorithm. Turk J Electr Eng Co 2009; 17: 69–85.
  • [30] Leonhard W. Control of Electrical Drives. New York, NY, USA: Springer-Verlag, 2001.
  • [31] Abourida S, Dufour C, B´elanger J, Yamada T, Arasawa T. Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of finite-element based motor drives with RT-Lab and JMAG. In: IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics; 9–13 July 2006; Montreal, Canada. New York, NY, USA: IEEE. pp 2462–2466.
  • [32] Ivanovic Z R, Adzic E M, Vekic M S, et al. HIL evaluation of power flow control strategies for energy storage connected to smart grid under unbalanced conditions. IEEE T Power Electr 2012; 27: 4699–4710.