Angela Anneliese BRUCH, Sefer ÖRÇEN, Funda AKGÜN, Mehmet Serkan AKKİRAZ

Stratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental significance of Bartonian-Priabonian (Middle-Late Eocene) microfossils from the Başçeşme formation, Denizli province, Western Anatolia

Bu çalışma, Çardak-Tokça havzasının (Batı Anadolu) Başçeşme formasyonunundan elde edilen Bartoniyen-Priyaboniyen (Orta-Geç Eosen) yaşlı, fauna ve floranın stratigrafik ve paleoortamsal önemini açıklar. Çalışılan istif, stratigrafik kesiklik olmaksızın, sığ deniz, kıyı ortamında çökelmiş Başçeşme formasyonundan bir yüzlektir. Başçeşme formasyonunun palinolojik topluluğunda 40 cins ve 58 tür tanımlanmıştır. İyi korunmuş çeşitli palinomorf ve foraminifer toplulukları, Başçeşme formasyonun yaşını Orta-Geç Eosen olarak vermektedir. Batı Anadolu'da, mangrove elementleri olan Nypa ve Pelliciera ilk kez bu çalışmada kaydedilmiştir. Mangrov gerisindeki ortamda Mauritia ve Acrostichum polenleri mevcuttur. Alçak alan-lrmak kenarı elemanları, Myricaceae, Betulaceae, Engelhardia, F.agaceae, Myrtaceae, Anacardiaceae ve Taxodiaceae, dağ elemanları ise Pinus, Abies, Picea, Cathaya, Quercus ve Castanea ile karakterize edilir. Tatlısu elamanları Sparganiaceae, Pediastrum sp. ve Aglaoreidia cyclops ile temsil edilir. Elde edilen palinolojik veriler, Başçeşme formasyonun alt kesimlerinden alınan örneklerin mangrov gerisi ortamı belirttiğini göstermektedir, istifin üst kesimlerinde kötü korunmuş dihoflagellatlenn varlığı tortullaşmanın mangrove ortamında gerçekleştiğini göstermektedir. Mercan, bivalvia ve gastropodlu iyi korunmuş foraminifer verileri, tortulaşmanın sığ denizel ortamda son bulduğunu göstermektedir. Bu makalede, 'coexistence approach' yöntemine dayalı, Başçeşme formasyonunun karasal iklimsel koşulları da tartışılmıştır.

Denizli yöresindeki Bartoniyen-Priyaboniyen (Orta-Geç Eosen) mikrofosilleri içeren Başçeşme formasyonu' nun stratigrafik ve ortamsal önemi, Batı Anadolu

This study explains the stratigraphical and palaeoenvironmental significance of Bartonian-Priabonian (Middle-Late Eocene) fossils, the fauna and flora obtained from the Başçeşme formation of the Çardak-Tokça basin (western Anatolia). The studied sequence is an outcrop from the Başçeşme formation, deposited in a shallow-marine to coastal environment without stratigraphic breaks. Forty genera and 58 species have been recognized in the palynological assemblage of the Başçeşme formation. A well-preserved diverse palynomorph and foraminiferal assemblages yield the Middle-Late Eocene age for the Başçeşme formation. In western Anatolia, mangrove elements Nypa and Pelliciera have been first recorded in this study. Trie pollen of Mauritia and Acrostichurn occur in the back-mangrove environment. Lowland-Riparian and montane elements are characterized by dominance of Myricaceae, Betulaceae, Engelhardia, Fagaceae, Myrtaceae, Anacardiaceae and Taxodiaceae, Pinus, Abies, Picea, Cathaya, Quercus and Castanea, respectively. Fresh-water elements are represented by Sparganiaceae, Pediastrum sp. and Aglaoreidia Cyclops. The palynological data for samples taken from the lower part of the section of the Başçeşme formation indicate a back-mangrove environment. The presence of poorly preserved dinoflageiiate cysts suggest that sedimentation occurred in a mangrove environment in the upper part of the section. The well-preserved foraminiferal data, along with corals, bivalves and gastropods, indicate that sedimentation ceased in the shallow-marine environment. In this paper, terrestrial climatic conditions of the Başçeşme formation are also discussed on the basis of the coexistence approach.

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