Hossein GHOLAMALIAN, Vachik HAIRAPETIAN, Mohammad POOSTI

Middle–Late Devonian boundary conodonts from Anarak and Sar-Ashk sections, central Iran

The Middle/Late Devonian boundary is investigated based on twenty-four conodont species and subspecies from the Anarak and Sar-Ashk sections in the northwest and southeast of Central East Iran Microplate. The earliest Frasnian strata are defined by the first appearance of Ancyrodella rotundiloba pristina and can be correlated with the global stratotype in the Montagne Noir, South of France. The Late Givetian – Early Frasnian carbonates of the Bahram Formation in the Sar-Ashk section transgressively overlie the sandstones of the Padeha Formation, whereas the coeval interval in the Anarak section composes the middle part of the Bahram Formation. Conodont biostratigraphy of Late Givetian – Early Frasnian strata in both sections revealed the presence of the Lower hermanni to Lower hassi zones. A new polygnathid species, Polygnathus anarakensis, is also proposed.

PDF

___

Abbasi MA, Khaksar K, Ashouri AR (2014). Description of some rugose corals from the Givetian and Lower Frasnian of the Eastern Alborz Mountains, NE Iran. Geopersia 4 (2): 237-257.
Abboussalam ZS, Becker RT (2007). New Upper Givetian to basal Frasnian conodont faunas from the Tafilalt (Anti-Atlas, Southern Morocco). Geological Quarterly 51 (4): 345-374.
Adhamian A (2003). Middle Devonian (Givetian) conodont biostratigraphy in the Soh area, north of Esfahan, Iran. Courier Forsch- Institut Senckenberg 245: 183-193.
Ahmadi T, Dastanpour M, Vaziri MR (2012). Upper Frasnian (Upper Devonian) Polygnathus and icriodus conodonts from the Bahram Formation, Hur section, Kerman province, southeastern Iran. Revista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 118: 203-212.
Ashouri AR (2004). Late Devonian and Middle - Late Devonian conodont from eastern and northern Iran. Revista Êspanola de Micropaleontologia 36: 355-365.
Ashouri AR (2006). Middle Devonian – Early Carboniferous conodont faunas from the Khoshyeilagh Formation, Alborz Mountains, North Iran. Journal of Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran 17 (1): 53-65.
Bahrami A, Gholamalian H, Corradini C, Yazdi M (2011). Upper Devonian conodont biostratigraphy of Shams Abad section, Kerman Province, Iran. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 117 (2): 199-209.
Bahrami A, Zamani F, Corradini C, Yazdi M, Ameri H (2014). Late Devonian (Frasnian) conodonts from the Bahram Formation in the Sar-e-Ashk Section, Kerman Province, Central-East Iran Microplate. Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 53 (3): 179-188.
Bahrami A, Königshof P, Boncheva I, Tabatabaei MS, Yazdi M et al. (2015). Middle Devonian (Givetian) conodonts from the northern margin of Gondwana (Soh and Natanz regions, north-west Isfahan, Central Iran): biostratigraphy and palaeoenvironmental implications. Palaeobiodiversity Palaeoenvironment 95 (4): 555-577. doi: 10.1007/s12549-015- 0205-0
Bahrami A, Königshof P, Boncheva I, Yazdi M, Ahmadi Nahre Khalaji M., Zare E (2018). Conodont biostratigraphy of the Kesheh and Dizlu sections, and the age range of the Bahram Formation in central Iran. Palaeobiodiversity Palaeoenvironment 98: 315- 329. doi: 10.1007/s12549-017-0307-y
Bahrami A, Königshof P, Vaziri-Moghaddam H, Shakeri B, Boncheva I (2019). Conodont stratigraphy and conodont biofacies of the shallow water Kuh-e-Bande-Abdolhossein section (SE Anarak, Central Iran). Palaeobiodiversity Palaeoenvironment 99: 477- 494. doi: 10.1007/s12549-019-00384-5
Brice D, Yazdi M, Torabi H, Maleki A (2006). Devonian brachiopods from the Zefreh section (central Iran). Annals de la Société Géologique du Nord 13: 141-155.
Casier JG, Devleeschouwer X, Maillet S, Petitclerc E., Préat A (2013). Ostracods and rock facies across the Givetian/Frasnian boundary interval in the Sound dˊAve section at Ave-etAuffe (Dinant Synclinarium, Ardenne, Belgium). Bulletin of Geosciences 88 (2): 241-264.
Ghobadi Pour M, Popov L, Hosseini M, Adhamian A Yazdi M (2013). Late Devonian (Frasnian) trilobites and brachiopods from the Soh area, Central Iran. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 44: 149-158.
Ghobadi Pour M, Popov L, Omrani M., Omrani H (2018). The latest Devonian (Famennian) phacopid trilobite Omegops from eastern Alborz, Iran. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 67 (3): 192–204. doi: 10.3176/earth.2018.16
Gholamalian H (2003). Age-implications of Late Devonian conodonts from the Chah-Riseh area, northeast of Esfahan, central Iran. Courier Forsch- Institut Senckenberg 245: 201- 207.
Gholamalian H (2006). Biostratigraphy of Late Devonian sequence in Hutk section (north of Kerman) based on conodonts. Geosciences Quarterly Journal 15 (59): 94-101 (in Persian with English abstract).
Gholamalian H (2007). Conodont biostratigraphy of the FrasnianFamennian boundary in the Esfahan and Tabas areas, Central Iran. Geological Quarterly 51 (4): 453-476.
Gholamalian H, Kebriaei MR (2008). Late Devonian conodonts from the Hojedk section, Kerman Province, Southeastern Iran. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia114 (2): 171-181.
Gholamalian H, Ghorbani M, Sajadi SH (2009). Famennian conodonts from Kal-e-Sardar section, eastern Tabas, Central Iran. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 115 (2): 141-158.
Gholamalian H, Hosseini-Nezhad SM, Khosravi Z, Turkzadeh Mahani I (2011). Late Devonian Conodonts from Baghin Section, West of Kerman. Geosciences Scientific Quarterly Journal 21 (81): 165-172 (in Persian with English abstract).
Gholamalian H, Ghoreishi Maremy S, Parvaneh-Nezhad Shirazi M (2014). Biostratigraphy of Late Devonian Conodonts in Gerik Section, Eastern Zarand (Kerman Province). Geosciences Scientific Quarterly Journal 23 (92): 105-114 (in Persian with English abstract).
Gholamalian H, Hairapetian V, Barfehei N, Mangelian S, Faridi P (2013). Givetian - Frasnian boundary conodonts from Kerman Province, Central Iran. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 119 (2): 141-158.
Gholamalian H, Hairapetian V, Poosti M (in press). Revision of Middle Devonian conodont biostratigraphy in the Negheleh section, Central Iran. Rivista Barasileira di Paleontologia.
Hairapetian V, Barrow CJ (2016). A new ischnacanthiform (Acanthodii) from the latest Devonian of Iran and palaeogeography of Late Devonian ischncanthiforms. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 124: 227-232.
Hairapetian V, Ginter M, Yazdi M (2008). Early Frasnian sharks from central Iran. Acta Geologica Polonica 58 (2): 173-179.
Hairapetian V, Ginter M (2009). Famennian chondrichthyan remains from the Chahriseh section, central Iran. Acta Geologica Polonica 59 (2): 173–200.
Hairapetian V, Korn D (2011). Phyllogenetic analysis of the Family Beloceratidae (Ammonoidea; Late Devonian) and a new Beloceras species from eastern Iran. Bulletin of Geosciences 86 (4): 675-682.
Hairapetian V, Blom H, Turner S (2016). Early Frasnian thelodont scales from Central Iran and their implications for turiniid taxonomy, systematics and distribution. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36: e1100632. doi: 10.1080/02724634.2016.1100632
Hairapetian V, Valiukevičius J, Burrow CJ (2006). Early Frasnian acanthodians from Central Iran. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 51 (3): 499–520.
Hairapetian V, Yazdi M (2003). Late Devonian conodonts from Dalmeh section, northeastern Ardekan, Central Iran. Courier Forsch- Institut Senckenberg 245: 209-225.
Jeppsson L (2005). Biases in the recovery and interpretation of micropalaeontological data. Special Papers in Palaeontology 73: 57–71.
Kebriaie MR (2003). Late Devonian conodont biostratigraphy of Kuh-E-Zard, Zefreh area, northeast of Esfahan, Iran. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 245: 195-199.
Khaksar K, Bahari R, Ashouri AR (2006). Devonian Rugose corals from Bahram Formation, South of Ozbak-Kuh (Iran). Geosciences Quarterly Journal 15 (59): 56-69, (in Persian with English abstract).
Klapper G (1985). Sequence in conodont genus ancyrodella in lower asymmetricus zone (earliest Frasnian, Upper Devonian) of the montagne noire, France. Palaeontographica Abt. A. 188 (1/3): 19-34.
Klapper G (1989). The Montagne Noire Frasnian (Upper Devonian) conodont succession. In: Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Devonian System. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists 3: 449-468.
Klapper G, Feist R, House M (1987). Decision on boundary stratotype for the Middle/Upper Devonian series boundary. Episodes 10 (2): 97-101.
Klapper G, Johnson JG (1990). Revisions of Middle Devonian conodont zones. In: Lower and Middle Devonian brachiopod-dominated communities of Nevada, and their position in a biofaciesprovince-realm model. Journal of Paleontology 64 (6): 934–941.
Klapper G, Kirchgasser WT (2016). Frasnian Late Devonian conodont biostratigraphy in New York: graphic correlation and taxonomy. Journal of Paleontology 90 (3): 525-554.
Königshof P, Carmichael SK, Waters J, Jansen U, Bahrami A, Boncheva I, Yazdi M (2017). Palaeoenvironmental study of the Palaeotethys Ocean: The Givetian-Frasnian boundary of a shallow-marine environment using combined facies analysis and geochemistry (Zefreh Section/Central Iran). In: Climate change and biodiversity patterns in the mid-Paleozoic. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 97: 517–540. doi: 10.1007/s12549-016- 0253-0.
Korn D, Ghaderi A, Devaere L, Hairapetian V, Khanehbad M et al. (2019). Sporadoceratid ammonoids from the Shotori Range (east-central Iran) – a case of putative gigantism caused by hydraulic sorting? Acta Geologica Polonica 69 (1): 2-49. doi: 10.1515/agp-2018-0012.
Liao JC, Valenzuela-Rios JI (2008). Givetian and early Frasnian conodonts from the Compte section (Middle–Upper Devonian, Spanish Central Pyrenees). Geological Quarterly 52 (1): 1–18.
Liao JC, Valenzuela-Rios JI (2012). Upper Givetian and Frasnian (Middle and Upper Devonian) Conodonts from Ampriu (Aragonian Pyrenees, Spain): Global correlations and palaeogeographic relations. Palaeontology 55 (4): 819–842.
Liao JC, Valenzuela-Rios JI (2013). The Middle and Upper Devonian conodont sequence from La Guardi DeAres sections (Spanish Central Pyrenees). Bulletin of Geosciences 88 (2): 339-368.
Liao JC, Valenzuela-Rios JI (2016). Givetian (Middle Devonian) historical bio- and chronostratigraphical subdivision based on conodonts. Lethaia doi: 10.1111/let.12192
Narckiewicz K, Bultynck P (2007). Conodont biostratigraphy of shallow marine Givetian deposits from the Radom-Lublin area, SE Poland. Geological Quarterly 51 (4): 419-442.
Narckiewicz K, Bultynck P (2010). The Upper Givetian (Middle Devonian) subterminus conodont zones in North America, Europe and North Africa. Journal Paleontology 84 (4): 588–625.
Nasehi E (1997). Early to Middle Devonian conodonts from Central Iran. Geosciences Quarterly Journal 6: 78-87.
Nasehi E (2018). New biostratigraphical findings on the Padeha Formation based on conodont accumulation in Yazdanshahr, Kerman, central Iran. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 16 (2): 993-1018.
Özkan R, Nazik A, Munnecke A, Saydam-Demiray DG, Schindler E et al. (2019). Givetian/Frasnian (Middle/Upper Devonian) transition in the eastern Taurides, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 28: 207-231. doi: 10.3906/yer-1804-20
Popov L, Hairapetian V, Evans DH, Ghobadi Pour M, Holmer LE et al. (2015). Review of the Ordovician stratigraphy and fauna of the region in Central Iran. Acta Geologica Polonica 65 (4): 403-435.
Ruttner A, Nabavi MH, Alavi M (1965 unpublished). Geology of Ozbak-Kuh Mountains (Tabas area, East Iran). Geological Survey of Iran. 133 p.
Sahandy MR, Haj Molla Ali A (1992). Geological map of Horjond (1/100000). Geological Survey of Iran sheet 7451.
Sattari E, Bahrami A, Königshof P, Vaziri-Moghaddam H (2021). Late Devonian (Famennian) to Carboniferous (MississippianPennsylvanian) conodonts from the Anarak section, Central Iran. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments. doi: 10.1007/ s12549-020-00462-z
Sharkovski M, Filichev I, Selivanov E, Susov M, Dvoryankin E et al. (1984). Geology of the Anarak area (Central Iran): Explanatory text of the Anarak quadrangle map 1/250000. Geological Survey of Iran sheet G7.
Stöcklin J, Eftekhar-Nezhad J, Hushmandzadeh A (1965). Geology of Shotori Range (Tabas area, east Iran). Geological Survey of Iran Report 3: 69p.
Stöcklin J, Setudehnia A (1991). Stratigraphic lexicon of Iran. Geological Survey of Iran Reports 18: 376pp.
Weddige K (1984). Zür Stratigraphie und Paläogeographie des Devons und Karbons von NE - Iran. Senckenbergiana lethaea 65: 179- 225.
Wendt J, Kaufmann B, Belka Z, Farsan N, Karimi Bavandpour AR (2002). Devonian/Lower Carboniferous stratigraphy, facies patterns and palaeogeography of Iran, part I, southeastern Iran. Acta Geologica Polonica 52 (2): 129-168.
Wendt J, Kaufmann B, Belka Z, Farsan N, Karimi Bavandpour AR (2005). Devonian/Lower Carboniferous stratigraphy, facies patterns and palaeogeography of Iran, part II, northern and central Iran. Acta Geologica Polonica 55 (1): 31-97.
Yazdi M (1999). Late Devonian - Carboniferous conodonts from eastern Iran. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 105 (2): 167–195.
Ziegler W, Sandberg CA (1990). Late Devonian standard conodont zonation. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 121: 115 pp