Regulation of antioxidant activity in maize (Zea mays L.) by exogenous application of sulfur under saline conditions
Regulation of antioxidant activity in maize (Zea mays L.) by exogenous application of sulfur under saline conditions
One of the major effects of salt stress is high production of reactive oxygen species that adversely affect essential cellularmetabolic pathways. To limit the elevated production of reactive oxygen species, plants stimulate various types of antioxidants. In thisstudy, sulfur was used to induce tolerance against oxidative stress through modulation of the activities of various antioxidants. Twomaize genotypes (Agatti 2003 and Pak Afgoi 2003) were subjected to different salinity (25 and 75 mM) and sulfur (40 and 80 mM)treatments and a control treatment. Various antioxidants and oxidative stress determinants in maize organs (leaf, shoot, and root)were studied. It was found that salt stress decreased ascorbic acid and tocopherol, but stimulated the production of total phenolics,carotenoids, lycopene, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide. Exogenously applied sulfurdecreased carotenoids, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide and increased ascorbic acid, tocopherol, total phenolics, lycopene,superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase. Agatti 2003 showed higher antioxidant activity than Pak Afgoi 2003. In conclusion,sulfur application at the 40 mM level balanced antioxidants and oxidative stress determinants to induce salt tolerance in maize plants.
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