Morphological characterization and relationships among some important wild and domestic Turkish mustard genotypes (Brassica spp.)

Mustards occupy an important place among oilseed species due to their considerable economic and nutritional value andmultiple uses. This study made use of 77 mustard genotypes collected from the USDA gene bank and diverse ecologies of Turkey todetermine the extent of morphologic variability among them. The genotypes were screened to select genotypes appropriate for use inmustard breeding programs during 2015–16 and 2016–17 under the Mediterranean rainfed conditions of Yenimahalle (spring sowingand autumn sowing) and Haymana (spring sowing). Cluster analysis showed significant diversity among the genotypes. Promisinggenotypes with different genetic backgrounds for spring and autumn sowing included BJ-A2, BJ-A99, BJ-A20, BJ-AC1, and BJ-AKand BJ-A2, BJ-A3, BJ-AK, BJ-A10, BJ-B26, BJ-B5, BJ-AC1, and BJ-A14, respectively. The study concludes that a systematic selection ofgenotypes from a group of mustard genotypes pooled for crude oil content and seed yield traits could establish a favorable base andfacilitate breeding targeted against biotic and abiotic stress in advanced spring and autumn breeding programs.

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