In vitro Regeneration of Sandal (Santalum album L.) from Leaves

The first successful induction of adventitious shoot buds on Santalum album L. leaves is reported. De novo shoots were induced directly on leaves without any callusing stage. A leaf length of 0.5-1.5 cm only showed bud inducing potential. Bud formation occurred on both MS and WPM basal media, although, liquid media were more responsive. Among the plant growth regulators, BAP at low concentrations (0.44 and 2.22 µM) was effective in this organogenetic process but exogenous auxin application failed to illicit a similar morphogenetic response. Epiphyllous shoot formation was more pronounced on leaf lamina in which the dorsal and ventral leaf surfaces were equally highly regenerative; the response, however, varied in different parts of the leaf.

In vitro Regeneration of Sandal (Santalum album L.) from Leaves

The first successful induction of adventitious shoot buds on Santalum album L. leaves is reported. De novo shoots were induced directly on leaves without any callusing stage. A leaf length of 0.5-1.5 cm only showed bud inducing potential. Bud formation occurred on both MS and WPM basal media, although, liquid media were more responsive. Among the plant growth regulators, BAP at low concentrations (0.44 and 2.22 µM) was effective in this organogenetic process but exogenous auxin application failed to illicit a similar morphogenetic response. Epiphyllous shoot formation was more pronounced on leaf lamina in which the dorsal and ventral leaf surfaces were equally highly regenerative; the response, however, varied in different parts of the leaf.

___

  • Bandyopadhyay S, Cane K, Rasmussen G & Hamill JD (1999). Efficient plant regeneration from seedling explants of two commercially important temperate eucalypt species - Eucalyptus nitens and E. globulus. Plant Science 140: 189-198.
  • Bapat VA, Fulzele DP, Heble MR & Rao PS (1990). Production of sandalwood somatic embryos in bioreactors. Current Science 59: 746-748.
  • Bapat VA, Gill R & Rao PS (1985). Regeneration of somatic embryos and plantlets from stem callus protoplasts of the sandalwood tree (Santalum album L.). Current Science 54: 978-982.
  • Economou AS & Maloupa EM (1995). Regeneration of Elaeagnus angustifolia from leaf segments of in vitro derived shoots. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 40: 285-288.
  • Lakshmi Sita G, Raghava Ram NV & Vaidyanathan CS (1980). Differentiation of embryoids and plantlets from shoot callus of sandalwood. Plant Science Letters 15: 265-270.
  • Lloyd G & McCown B (1980). Commercially feasible micropropagation of mountain laurel, Kalmia latifolia, by use of shoot tip culture. (Combined) Proceedings of the International Plant Propagation Society 30: 421-427.
  • Martens M, Werbrouck S, Samyn G, Botelhodos Santos Moreira da Silva H & Debergh P (1996). In vitro regeneration of evergreen azalea from leaves. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 45: 231-236.
  • Mujib A, Bandyopadhyay S, Jana BK & Ghosh PD (1996). Growth regulator involvement and somatic embryogenesis in Crinum asiaticum. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology 1: 84-86.
  • Mujib A, Das S & Dey S (1997). Free cell culture, organization and plant regeneration in Santalum album L. Plant Tissue Culture 7: 63-69.
  • Murashige T & Skoog F (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum 15: 473-497.
  • Oka S & Ohyama K (1981). In vitro initiation of adventitious buds and its modification of high concentration of benzyladenine in leaf tissues of mulberry (Morus alba). Canadian Journal of Botany 59: 68-74.
  • Ostry ME, Skilling DD, Lee Stadelmann OY & Hackett WP (1990). Recovery of somatic variation in resistance of popular to Septoria musiva. In: Rodriguez R, Tames RS & Durzan DJ (eds.). Plant aging: Basic and applied approach. pp. 113-116, New York: Plenary Press.
  • Preece JE, Imel MR & Shevade A (1993). Regeneration of Rhododendron PJM group plants from leaf explants. Journal of the American Rhododendron Society 47: 68-71.
  • Rao PS & Bapat VA (1992). Micropropagation of sandalwood (Santalum album L). In: Bajaj YPS (eds.). Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, Vol 18, High Tech and Micropropagation II, pp.193- 210, Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
  • Simola LK (1985). Propagation of plantlets from leaf callus of Betula pendula f. purpurea. Scientia Horticulturae 26: 77-85.
  • Surajit D, Susobhan D, Mujib A, Pal S & Dey S (1998). Influence of carbon source and pH on rapid mass propagation of Santalum album by somatic embryogenesis: the application of biotechnology in agroforestry. In: Radomiljac AM, Ananthapadmanabho HS, Welbourn RM & Satyanarayana Rao K. (eds.). Sandal and its product. ACIAR Proceedings No. 84, Canberra, Australia, pp. 66- 68.
  • Swartz HJ, Bors R, Mohammed F & Naes SK (1990). The effect of in vitro pretreatments on subsequent shoot organogenesis from excised Rubus and Malus leaves. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 21: 179-184.
  • Tibok A, Blackhall NW, Power JB & Davey MR (1995). Optimized plant regeneration from callus derived from seedling hypocotyl of Eucalyptus urophylla. Plant Science 110: 139-145
  • Welander M (1988). Plant regeneration from leaf and stem segments of shoot raised in vitro from mature apple trees. J Plant Physiol 132: 738-744.
  • Wernicke W & Milkovits L (1986). Development gradient in wheat leaves. Responses of leaf segments in different genotypes cultured in vitro. Journal of Plant Physiology 115: 49-58.