Günce ŞAHİN

Effects of salicylic acid and heat acclimation on thermotolerance and withanolide accumulation under high temperature stress in the Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.)

The adverse effects of high temperature stress can be alleviated by thermotolerance induced by exogenous application of plantgrowth regulators or by gradual application of temperature stress. Physalis peruviana L., commonly known as the Cape gooseberry,is a source of a variety of phytocompounds such as withanolides (withanone, withaferin A, and withanolide A). These withanolidesare potentially high-value drug candidates because of their various pharmacological properties. The production of withanolides viatraditional agriculture is commercially inadequate. In the present study, elicitation strategies were employed to improve the crop’sthermotolerance and accumulation of withanolides. For these purposes, the effects of heat acclimation (45 °C HA) or salicylic acid (150mM SA) treatments in inducing withanolide production and thermotolerance were tested in leaves of P. peruviana L. grown under hightemperature stress (55 °C). Considerable increases in the production of withanolides (up to 86.83 mg g–1 dry weight, dw) were observedwhen the cultures were exposed for 5 h to high temperature stress after pretreatment with SA. SA application and heat acclimationincreased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) and decreased the catalase activity (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6). Both SA andheat acclimation caused a significant increase in endogenous H2O2 and proline content. Changes in related antioxidants parallelingheat acclimation or SA treatment suggest that common mechanisms might be involved in thermotolerance induced by SA and heatacclimation.

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