Chrysanthemum plants regenerated from ovaries: a study on genetic and phenotypic variation
Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum
/Ramat./Kitam.) is the second most popular ornamental plant in the
global flower industry, and there is still a demand for novelty, which
forces breeders to search for new sources of variation. The aim of the
present study was the evaluation of phenotypic as well as genetic
variation of chrysanthemum plants regenerated from ovaries in vitro. In
the first vegetative season of plants evaluated in the glasshouse, nine
phenotypic variants (16.36%) and 46 (83.6%) true-totype
plants were observed. The variation included variegated, marble-like,
and lighter-green leaves, and changes in the morphology of
inflorescences and ligulate florets, as well as changes in the shape of
corymb. Variants with variegated and marble-like leaves were unstable.
All 55 regenerants had the same ploidy level (2n = 6x) as control
plants, estimated by flow cytometry. Genetic analysis based on RAPD-PCR
revealed genetic distances ranging from 0.93% to 7.69% between variants
and control plants. It was concluded that
variable regenerants did not originate from the gynogenic pathway, but
they regenerated from somatic tissue and underwent somaclonal variation.
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