Mohd IDREES, M. NAEEM, M. Masroor A. KHAN

The superiority of cv ‘rosea’ over cv ‘alba’ of periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus L.) in alkaloid production and other physiological attributes

Kabuklanma deneyi 2006 yılının kış sezonu boyunca Cezayir menekşesinin “rosea” (pembe) ve “alba” (beyaz) olarak isimlendirilen iki cvs.’nin büyüme, verim ve alkaloid üretim performansı yanı sıra diğer fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal özelliklerine göre tespiti gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ekimden 60, 90 ve 150 gün sonra bitkiler hasat edilmiş ve ekimden 210 gün sonraki verimlilik kaydedilmiştir. Sonuçlar cv. ‘rosea’nın bitki boy uzunluğu, toplam ve bireysel yaprak alanı, ekimden 90 gün sonraki taze ve kuru ağırlık bakımından cv. ‘alba’dan üstün olduğunu göstermiştir. Ekimden 60 ve 90 gün sonrasında total fotosentetik oran, stoma iletkenlik oranı, karbonik anhidraz ve nitrat redüktaz aktivitesi ‘rosea’da ‘alba’dan daha yüksektir. Aynı şekilde ‘rosea’da yapraktaki nitrojen içeriği daha yüksektir. Hasat zamanında ‘rosea’da kabuklanma sayısı, tohum sayısıve tohum verimliliği “alba”dan daha yüksektir. Ayrıca, ‘alba’ ile kıyaslandığında ‘rosea’da ekimden 90 gün sonraki yapraklarda ve ekimden 60, 90 ve 150 gün sonraki köklerde alkaloid içeriği daha fazladır. Alkoloidler, viz., vincristine ve vinblastine içeriği her iki yetiştirmede ekimden 90 gün sonrasında daha fazladır. Böylece, bitkilerin üstün performans özellikleri bakımından ‘rosea’, ‘alba’ üzerine üstündür.

Cezayir menekşesi cv 'rosea'sının cv 'alba'sına alkoloid üretim ve diğer fizyolojik özellikler bakımından üstünlüğü

A pot experiment was conducted during the winter season of 2006, on 2 cvs. of periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus L.), namely ‘rosea’ (Pink) and ‘alba’ (White), to investigate their performance in terms of growth, yield, and alkaloid production, as well as other physiological and biochemical attributes. The plants were harvested at 60, 90, and 150 days after planting (DAP) and the yield was recorded at 210 DAP. The results showed that ‘rosea’ was superior to ‘alba’ in plant height, total and individual leaf area, and fresh and dry weights at 90 DAP. Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, carbonic anhydrase activity and nitrate reductase activity were also higher in ‘rosea’ than in ‘alba’ at 60 and 90 DAP. Likewise, nitrogen content in leaf was also higher in ‘rosea’. At harvest, ‘rosea’ registered higher number of pods, number of seeds, and seed-yield per plant than did ‘alba’. Furthermore, alkaloid content was found to be maximum in leaves at 90 DAP and in roots at 60, 90, and 150 DAP in ‘rosea’ compared to ‘alba’. The contents of alkaloids, viz., vincristine and vinblastine, were also found to be maximum at 90 DAP in both cultivars. Thus, ‘rosea’ excelled over ‘alba’ in the overall performance of the plant.

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