Effects of cold and salicylic acid treatments on nitrate reductase activity in spinach leaves

The effects of long-term cold (5/3 °C) and salicylic acid (SA) (0.1 mM) treatments on the diurnal pattern of nitrate reductase (NR) activity in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L. cv. Gladiator) leaves were investigated. When the activities with cold treatment are compared to the control (20/15 °C), NR activity was decreased by 5 °C in the light period and by 3 °C in the dark period. The cold treatment also affected the timing of circadian rhythm in the diurnal pattern of NR activity. When the activities with SA treatments are compared to control and cold, it was determined that SA increases NR activity in the light period of control while SA decreases NR activity in the light period of cold.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Cold, nitrate reductase activity, salicylic acid, Spinacia oleracea

Effects of cold and salicylic acid treatments on nitrate reductase activity in spinach leaves

Keywords:

Key words: Cold, nitrate reductase activity, salicylic acid, Spinacia oleracea,

PDF

___

Sueyoshi K, Kleinhorfs A, Warner RL. Expression of NADH- specifi c and NAD(P)H-bispecifi c nitrate reductase genes in response to nitrate in barley. Plant Physiol 107: 1303-1311, 1995. 2. Campbell WB. Nitrate reductase biochemistry comes of ages. Plant Physiol 111: 355-361, 1996. 3.
Rockel P, Strube F, Rockel A et al. Regulation of nitric oxide (NO)
production by plant nitrate reductase in vivo and in vitro. J Exp
Bot 53: 103-110, 2002. 4.
Wendehenne D, Durner J, Klessig DF. Nitric oxide: a new player
in plant signalling and defence responses. Current Opinion in
Reins B, Heldt W. Decrease of nitrate reductase activity in spinach leaves during a light-dark transition. Plant Physiol 98: 573-577, 1992. 9. MacKintosh C, Douglas P, Lillo C. Identifi cation of a protein that inhibits the phosphorylation and subsequent “binding” of an inhibitor protein. Plant Physiol 107: 451-457, 1995.
Vogel CS, Dawson JO. Nitrate reductase activity, nitrogenase activity and photosynthesis of black alder exposed to chilling temperatures. Physiol. Plant 82: 551-558, 1991.
Pietilainen P, Poikolainen J, Lahdesmaki P. Long-term monitoring of nitrate reductase- activity in the needles of Pinus sylvestris in the context of environmental-temperature and ground frost as an indicator of nitrogen-balance in N Finland. Anna Bot Fen 28: 131-134, 1991.
Atkin OK, Cummins WR. Th e eff ect of root temperature on the induction of nitrate reductase activities and nitrogen uptake rates in arctic plant species. Plant and Soil 159: 187-197, 1994.
Yaneva I, Mack G, Vunkova-Radeva R et al. Changes in nitrate reductase activity and the protective eff ect of molybdenum during cold stress in winter wheat grown on acid soil. J Plant Physiol 149: 211-216, 1996.
Yaneva IA, Hoff mann GW, Tischner R. Nitrate reductase from winter wheat leaves is activated at low temperature via protein dephosphorylation. Physiol Plant 114: 65-72, 2002.
Gao Y, Smith GJ, Alberte RS. Temperature dependence of nitrate reductase activity in marine phytoplankton: Biochemical analysis and ecological implications. J Physiol 36: 304-313, 2000.
Vasilieva GG, Mironova NV, Glyanko AK. Th e low above-zero temperature eff ect in the zone of roots on nitrate reductase activity in pea organs in the process of vegetating. Turk J Bot 25: 255-260, 2001.
Tucker DE, Ort DR. Low temperature induces expression of nitrate reductase in tomato that temporarily overrides circadian regulation of activity. Photosynthesis Res 72: 285-293, 2002.
Vona V, Rigano VDM, Lobosco O et al. Temperature responses of growth, photosynthesis, respiration and NADH:nitrate reductase in cryophilic and mesophilic algae. New Phytologist 163: 325- 331, 2004.
Rigano VD, Vona V, Lobosco O et al. Temperature dependence of nitrate reductase in the psychrophilic unicellular alga Koliella antarctica and the mesophilic alga Chlorella sorokiniana. Plant Cell Environ 29: 1400-1409, 2006.
Senaratna T, Touchell D, Bunn E et al. Acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin) and salicylic acid induce multiple stress tolerance in bean and tomato plants. Plant Growth Regul 30: 157-161, 2000.
Chang-Kui D, Wang CY, Gross CK et al. Jasmonate and salicylate induce the expression of pathogenesis-related-proteins genes and increase resistance to chilling injury in tomato fruit. Planta 214: 895-901, 2002.
Ananieva EA, Christov KN, Popova LP. Exogenous treatment with salicylic acid leads to increased antioxidant capacity in leaves of barley plants exposed to paraquat. J Plant Physiol 161: 319-328, 2004.
Janda T, Szalai G, Tari I et al. Hydroponic treatment with salicylic acid decreases the eff ects of chilling injury in maize (Zea mays L.) plants. Planta 208: 175-180, 1999.
Janda T, Szalai G, Rios-Gonzales K et al. Comparative study of frost tolerance and antioxidant activity in cereals. Plant Sci 164: 301-306, 2003.
Horvath E, Janda T, Szalai G et al. In vitro salicylic acid inhibition of catalase activity in maize: diff erences between the isozymes and a possible role in the induction of chilling tolerance. Plant Sci 163 : 1129-1135, 2002.
Horvath E, Szalai G, Janda T. Induction of abiotic stress tolerance by salicylic acid signaling. J. Plant Growth Regul 26: 290-300, 2007.
Kang G, Wang C, Sun G et al. Salicylic acid changes activities of H2O2-metabolizing enzymes and increases the chilling tolerance of banana seedlings. Environ Exp Bot 50: 9-15, 2003.
Taşgin E, Atici Ö, Nalbantoğlu B. Eff ects of salicylic acid and cold on freezing tolerance in winter wheat leaves. Plant Growth Regul 41: 231-236, 2003.
Taşgın E, Atıcı Ö, Nalbantoğlu B et al. Eff ects of salicylic acid and cold treatments on protein levels and on the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the apoplast of winter wheat leaves. Phytochemistry 67: 710-715, 2006.
Jain A, Srivastava HS. Eff ect of salicylic acid on nitrate reductase in maize seedlings. Physiol Plant 51: 339-342, 1981.
Ramanujam MP, Abduljaleel V, Kumaravelu G. Eff ect of salicylic acid on nodulation, nitrogenous compounds and related enzymes of Vigna mungo. Biol Planta 41: 307-311, 1998.
Shankar N, Khan SR, Srivastava HS. Th e response of nitrate reductase activity and nitrate assimilation in maize roots to growth regulators at acidic pH. Biol Planta 44: 599-601, 2001.
Fariduddin Q, Hayat S, Ahmad A. Salicylic acid infl uences net photosynthatic rate, carboxylation effi ciency, nitrate reductase activity, and seed yield in Brassica juncea. Photosynthetica 41: 281-284, 2003.
Singh B, Usha K. Salicylic acid induced physiological and biochemical changes in wheat seedlings under water stress. Plant Growth Regul 39: 137-141, 2003.
Barro F, Fontes AG, Maldonado JM. Nitrate uptake and reduction by durum wheat (Triticum turgidum) and tritordeum (Hordeum chilense X Triticum turgidum). J Plant Physiol 143: 313-317, 1994.
Oral B, Taşgın E, Demir Y et al. Eff ects of continuous light/dark and 2,5-norbornadiene on nitrate reductase activity in spinach leaves. Bull Polish Acad Sci Biol Sci 51: 9-15, 2003.
Raskin I. Role of salicylic acid in plants. Ann Rev Pl Physiol Mol Biol 43: 439-463, 1992.