___

• Andrew GR, Catherine B, Christopher SP (2001). Education and debate: What is apoptosis and why is it important? Brit Med J 322: 1536-1538.
• Bettger WJ, McKeehan WL (1986). Mechanisms of cellular nutrition. Physiol Rev 66:1-35.
• Bhutani M, Pathak AK, Nair AS, Kunnumakkara AB, Guha S, Sethi G, Aggarwal BB (2007). Capsaicin is a novel blocker of constitutive and interleukin-6-inducible STAT3 activation. Clin Cancer Res 13: 3024-3032.
• Bitencourt CS, Mesquita F, Basso B, Schmid J, Ferreira G, Rizzo L, Bauer M, Bartrons R, Ventura F, Rosa JL, Mannaerts I, Grunsven LA, Oliveira J (2014). Capsaicin modulates proliferation, migration, and activation of hepatic stellate cells. Biochem Biophys 68: 387-396.
• Brown KC, Witte TR, Hardman WE, Luo H, Chen YC, Carpenter AB, Lau JK, Dasgupta P (2010). Capsaicin displays anti- proliferative activity against human small cell lung cancer in cell culture and nude mice models via the E2F pathway. PLoS One 5: e10243.
• Budihardjo I, Oliver HLM (1999). Biochemical pathways of caspase activation during apoptosis. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 15: 269- 290.
• Büyükgebiz O, Caferler JS (2001). Apoptoz. Sendrom 13: 102-107.
• Chou CC, Wu YC, Wang YF, Chou MJ, Kuo SJ, Chen DR (2009). Capsaicin-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells through a caspase-independent pathway. Oncol Rep 21: 665-671.
• Clark R, Lee SH (2016). Anticancer properties of capsaicin against human cancer. Anticancer Res 36: 837-843.
• Evans HL, Ayala AG, Romsdahl MM (1977). Prognostic factors in chondrosarcoma of bone: A clinicopathologic analysis with emphasis on histologic grading. Cancer 40: 818-831.
• Fang CY, Wu CC, Fang CL, Chen WY, Chen CL (2017). Long-term growth comparison studies of FBS and FBS alternatives in six head and neck cell lines. ChenPLoS One 12(6): e0178960.
• Hail NJ, Lotan R (2002). Examining the role of mitochondrial respiration in vanilloid-induced apoptosis. J Natl Cancer Inst 94: 1281-1292.
• Hampton MB, Orrenius S (1998). Redox regulation of apoptotic cell death. Biofactors 8: 1-5.
• Hengartner MO, Ellis RE, Horvitz HR (1992). Caenorhabditis elegans gene ced-9 protects cells from programmed cell death. Nature 356: 494-499.
• Hochegger H, Takeda S, Hunt T (2008). Cyclin-dependent kinases and cell-cycle transitions: Does one fit all? Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9: 910-916.
• Holmes RE, Leddy LR (2014). Chondrosarcoma of bone. Cancer Treat Res 162: 117-130.
• Hwang HC, Clurman BE (2005). Clurman Cyclin E in normal and neoplastic cell cycles. Oncogene 24: 2776-2786.
• Ip SW, Lan SH, Huang AC, Yang JS, Chen YY, Huang HY, Lin ZP, Hsu YM, Yang MD, Chiu CF et al. (2012a). Capsaicin induces apoptosis in SCC-4 human tongue cancer cells through mitochondria-dependent and -independent pathways. Environ Toxicol 27: 332-341.
• Ip SW, Lan SH, Lu HF, Huang AC, Yang JS, Lin JP, Huang HY, Lien JC, Ho CC, Chiu CF et al. (2012b). Capsaicin mediates apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma NPC-TW 039 cells through mitochondrial depolarization and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Hum Exp Toxicol 2012 31: 539-549.
• Jin J, Lin G, Huang H, Xu D, Yu H, Ma X, Zhu L, Ma D, Jiang H (2014). Capsaicin mediates cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human colon cancer cells via stabilizing and activating p53. Int J Biol Sci 10: 285-295.
• Jin T, Wu H, Wang Y and Peng H (2016). Capsaicin induces immunogenic cell death in human osteosarcoma cells Exp Ther Med 12: 765-770.
• Josefsberg Ben-Yehoshua L, Beider K, Shimoni A, Ostrovsky O, Samookh M et al. (2012). Characterization of cyclin e expression in multiple myeloma and its functional role in seliciclib-induced apoptotic cell death. PLoS One 7(4): e33856.
• Jung MY, Kang HJ, Moon A (2001). Capsaicin-induced apoptosis in SK-Hep-1 hepatocarcinoma cells involves Bcl-2 downregulation and caspase-3 activation. Cancer Lett 165: 139-145.
• Kim JD, Kim JM, Pyo JO, Kim SY, Kim BS, Yu R, Han IS (1997). Capsaicin can alter the expression of tumor forming-related genes which might be followed by induction of apoptosis of a Korean stomach cancer cell line, SNU-1. Cancer Lett 120: 235- 241.
• Kim CS, Park WH, Park JY, Kang JH, Kim MO, Kawada T, Yoo H, Han IS, Yu R (2004). Capsaicin, a spicy component of hot pepper, induces apoptosis by activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. J Med Food 7: 267-273.
• Lacelle C, Xu S, Wang E (2002). Identification of high caspase-3 mRNA expression as a unique signature profile for extremely old individuals. Mech Ageing Dev 123(8):1133-1144.
• Lee HP, Li TM, Tsao JY, Fong YC, Tang CH (2012). Curcumin induces cell apoptosis in human chondrosarcoma through extrinsic death receptor pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 13: 163-169.
• Lee YS, Nam DH, Kim JA (2000). Induction of apoptosis by capsaicin in A172 human glioblastoma cells. Cancer Lett 161: 121-130.
• Lee GR, Jang SH, Kim CJ, Kim AR, Yoon DJ, Park NH, Han IS (2014). Capsaicin suppresses the migration of cholangiocarcinoma cells by down-regulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression via the AMPK–NF-jB signaling pathway. Clin Exp Metastasis 31: 897-907.
• Li H, Krstin S, Wang S, Wink M (2018). Capsaicin and Piperine Can Overcome Multidrug Resistance in Cancer Cells to Doxorubicin. Molecules 23: 557.
• Li BH, Yuan L (2017). Inhibitory effects of capsaicin on migration and invasion of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and its mechanism (article in Chineese with an abstract in English). Sheng Li Xue Bao 69: 183-188.
• Liu NC, Hsieh PF, Hsieh MK, Zeng ZM, Cheng HL, Liao JW, Chueh PJ (2012). Capsaicin-mediated tNOX (ENOX2) up-regulation enhances cell proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo. J Agr Food Chem 60: 2758-2765.
• Malumbres M (2014). Cyclin-dependent kinases. Genome Biol 15:122.
• McIlwain DR, Berger T, Mak TW (2013). Caspase functions in cell death and disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2013 5: a008656.
• Mori A, Lehmann S, O’Kelly J, Kumagai T, Desmond JC, Pervan M, McBride WH, Kizaki M, Koeffler HP (2006). Capsaicin, a component of red peppers, inhibits the growth of androgen- independent, p53 mutant prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 6: 3222-3229.
• Mustafa S, Ismael HN (2017). Ethanol potentiates heat response in the carotid artery via TRPV1. Life Sciences 188: 83-86.
• Schnier JB, Nishi K, Goodrich DB, Bradbury EM (1996). G1 arrest and down-regulation of cyclin E/cyclin-dependent kinase 2 by the protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine are dependent on the retinoblastoma protein in the bladder carcinoma cell line 5637. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 5941-5946.
• Shin DH, Kim OH, Jun HS, Kang MK4 (2008). Inhibitory effect of capsaicin on B16-F10 melanoma cell migration via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/Rac1 signal pathway. Exp Mol Med 40: 486-494.
• Surh YJ (2002). Anti-tumor promoting potential of selected spice ingredients with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities: a short review. Food Chem Toxicol 40: 1091-1097.
• Teixeira LK, Reed SI (2017). Cyclin E deregulation and genomic instability. In: Masai H, Foiani M, editors. DNA Replication: From Old Principles to New Discoveries. 1st ed. Singapore: Springer, pp. 527-547.
• Timm M, Saaby L, Moesby L, Hansen EW (2013). Considerations regarding use of solvents in in vitro cell based assays. Cytotechnology 65: 887-894.
• Van Maldegem AM, Bovee JV, Gelderblom H (2014a). Comprehensive analysis of published studies involving systemic treatment for chondrosarcoma of bone between 2000 and 2013. Clin Sarcoma Res 4:11.
• Van Maldegem AM, Gelderblom H, Palmerini E, Dijkstra SD, Gambarotti M, Ruggieri P, Nout RA, Van de Sande MA, Ferrari C, Ferrari S et al. (2014b). Outcome of advanced, unresectable conventional central chondrosarcoma. Cancer 120: 3159-3164.
• Wu CC, Lin JP, Yang JS, Chou ST, Chen SC, Lin YT, Lin HL, Chung JG (2006). Capsaicin induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human esophagus epidermoid carcinoma CE 81 T/VGH cells through the elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and Ca2+ productions and caspase-3 activation. Mutat Res 601: 71-82.
• Ye J, Zhang R, Wu F, Zhai L, Kaifeng W, Xiao M, Xie T, Sui X (2018). Non-apoptotic cell death in malignant tumor cells and natural compounds. Cancer Lett 420: 210-227.
• Zhang R, Humphreys I, Sahu RP, Shi Y, Srivastava SK (2008). In vitro and in vivo induction of apoptosis by capsaicin in pancreatic cancer cells is mediated through ROS generation and mitochondrial death pathway. Apoptosis 13: 1465-1478.
• Zhang J, Nagasaki M, Tanaka Y, Morikawa S (2003). Capsaicin inhibits growth of adult T-cell leukemia cells. Leuk Res 27: 275-283.
• Zık B, Erdost H (2002). Histological investigations on the effects of feeding with a diet containing red hot pepper on the uropygial gland of a rooster. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 26: 1223-1232.