Ömer Faruk ALGUR, Faik KANTAR, Hatice ÖĞÜTÇÜ, Erdal ELKOCA

The determination of symbiotic effectiveness of Rhizobium strains ısolated from wild chickpeas collected from high altitudes in Erzurum

Özet: Bu çalışma, Erzurum yöresinde düşük sıcaklığa sahip yüksek rakımlı (2000-2500 m) alanlardaki çok yıllık yabani nohut (Cicer anatolicum) bitkilerinden izole edilen, toplam 21 Rhizobium leguminosarum subsp. ciceri susunun simbiyotik etkinliğinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. İzolatlarla aşılı nohut tohumlan, içerisinde steril kum bulunan saksılara ekilmiş ve saksılar düşük (15 °C gündüz / 9 °C gece) ve normal (25 °C gündüz / 22 °C gece) sıcaklık koşullarına sahip kontrollü bitki büyütme kabinlerine yerleştirilmişlerdir. Normal sıcaklık koşullarında izolatların tamamı, düşük sıcaklıkta ise yalnızca sekiz tanesi nodul oluşturabilmiştir. Normal ve düşük sıcaklık şartlarında nodul oluşturan izolatlar, bitkiye azot sağladıklarının göstergesi olarak, genellikle bitki kuru ağırlığı ile toplam azot içeriğini arttırmışlardır. Ancak, izolatların incelenen parametreler üzerindeki etkinlikleri birbirinden önemli derecede farklılık göstermiştir. Bitki kuru ağırlığı, toplam azot içeriği, fikse edilen azot miktarı ve simbiyotik etkinlik dikkate alındığında, 25 °C gündüz / 22 °C gece sıcaklık koşullarında yedi, 15 °C gündüz / 9 °C gece sıcaklık koşullarında ise dört izolatın iyi bir performans gösterdiği ortaya konulmuştur. Bu sonuçlar, yabani nohut bitkilerinden elde edilen etkili izolatların, nohutta aşılama materyali olarak kullanılma potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.

Erzurum'da yüksek rakımlardan toplanan yabani nohut bitkilerinden izole edilen Rhizobium suşlarının simbiyotik etkinliklerinin belirlemesi

Abstract: This study was conducted in order to evaluate the symbiotic effectiveness of Rhizobium leguminosarum subsp. ciceri strains isolated from perennial wild chickpeas (Cicer anatolicum) collected from high altitudes (2000-2500 m) in mountains in Erzurum, Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. For this purpose, 21 isolates were obtained from wild chickpeas. Chickpea seeds were inoculated with these isolates and grown in pots containing sterile sand under both low (15 °C day/9 °C night) and normal (25 °C day/22 °C night) temperature conditions in a controlled plant growth cabinet. All strains investigated formed nodules under the normal temperature, but only 8 strains were able to produce nodules at the low temperature. In both normal and low temperature experiments, generally, all strains producing nodules provided N to the plant, as indicated by shoot dry weight, total N content, and N fixed. However, strains showed significant differences for almost all parameters measured. Among the strains tested, 7 strains at 25 °C day/22 °C night and 4 strains at 15 °C day/9 °C night demonstrated a good performance on chickpea in terms of their high shoot dry matter yields, total N content, N fixed, and symbiotic effectiveness. These results indicated that effective strains isolated from wild chickpeas had potential for use as inoculants on chickpea.

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