Kubilay Kazım VURSAVUŞ, Ahmet İNCE, Yasemin VURARAK, Melih Yavuz ÇEVİK, Pınar ÇUBUKCU

Selected engineering properties of tiger nut as a function of moisture content and variety

Some physical and mechanical properties of two tiger nut varieties (Sarışeker and Balyumru) were determined at fourmoisture contents. Physical properties including length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, mass, 1000-tuber mass, bulkdensity, tuber density, surface area, terminal velocity, angle of repose, porosity, and friction coefficient were affected by moisture contentat a 1% probability level, excluding sphericity. All parameters decreased with a decrease in moisture content except tuber density,porosity, and firmness. Variety only had a statistically significant effect on width, geometric mean diameter surface area, and terminalvelocity at different probability levels. Force, deformation, firmness, energy absorbed, and power requirement, which were investigatedas mechanical properties, were also affected by moisture content at a 1% probability level. It was also found that the variety and loadingposition had no significant effect on firmness and energy absorbed, respectively. Varieties showed differences in terms of 1000-tubermass, sphericity, terminal velocity and angle of repose, length, geometric mean diameter, surface area, porosity, force, and energyabsorbed at different probability levels.

PDF

___

Abano EE, Amoah KK (2011). Effect of moisture content on the physical properties of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus). Asian J Agric Res 5: 56-66.
Adekanmi OK, Oluwatooyin OF, Yemisi AA (2009). Influence of processing techniques on the nutrients and anti-nutrients of tigernut (Cyperus esculentus L.). World Journal of Dairy & Food Sciences 4: 88-93.
Akcali ID, Ince A, Guzel E (2006). Selected physical properties of peanuts. Int J Food Prop 9: 25-37.
Arafat SM, Gaafar AM, Basuny AM, Nassef SL (2009). Chufa tubers (Cyperus esculentus L): as a new source of food. World App Sci 7: 151-156.
Arslan S, Vursavus KK (2008). Physico-mechanical properties of almond nut and its kernel as a function of variety and moisture content. Philipp Agric Sci 91: 171-179.
Bamishaiye EI, Bamishaiye OM (2011). Tiger nut: as a plant, its derivatives and benefits. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 11: 5157-5170.
Belewu MA, Abodunrin OA (2008). Preparation of Kunnu from unexploited rich food source: tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus). Pakistan J Nutr 7: 109-111.
Codina-Torella I, Guamis B, Trujillo AJ (2015). Characterization and comparison of tiger nuts from different geographical originphysico-chemical characteristics and protein fractionation. Ind Crop Prod 65: 406-414.
Deshpande SD, Bal S, Ojha TP (1993). Physical properties of soybean. J Agric Eng Res 56: 89-98.
Dutta SK, Nema VK, Bhardwaj RK (1988). Physical properties of gram. J Agric Eng Res 39: 259-268.
Fraser BM, Verma SS, Muir WE (1978). Some physical properties of fababeans. J Agric Eng Res 23: 53-57.
Gupta RK, Das SK (1997). Physical properties of sunflower seeds. J Agric Eng Res 66: 1-8.
İnce A, Uğurluay S, Özlüoymak ÖB, Güzel E, Özcan MT (2008). Some physical properties of jojoba fruit related with design of processing equipments. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Congress on Mechanization and Energy in Agriculture; 14–17 October 2008; Antalya, Turkey.
Kabas O, Vladut V (2016). Determination of some engineering properties of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) for new design of cracking system. Erwerbs-Obstbau 58: 31-39.
Karababa E, Coşkuner Y, Nazlıcan AN (2001). Chemical composition and technological evaluation of chufa tuber (Cyperus esculentus L). Food 26: 243-246.
Khazaei J, Rasekh M, Borghei AM (2002). Physical and mechanical properties of almond and its kernel related to cracking and peeling. In: Proceedings of the ASAE Annual International Meeting; 28–31 July 2002; Chicago, IL, USA.
Mohsenin NN (1978). Physical Properties of Plant and Animal Materials. New York, NY, USA: Gordon and Breach Science Publisher.
Okafor JNC, Mordi JI, Ozumba AU, Solomon HM, Olatunji O (2003). Preliminary studies on the characterization of contaminants in tigernut (yellow variety). In: Proceedings of the 27th Annual Nigerian Institute of Food Science and Tech Conference; 13–17 October 2003; Nigeria.
Oyerinde AS, Olalusi AP (2013). Effect of moisture content on selected physical and mechanical properties of two varieties of tigernut (Cyperus spp). J Food Res 2: 24-32.
Reid WS, Hergert GB, Fagan WE (1972). Development of a prototype mechanical harvester for chufa (Cyperus esculentus L. var sativus Beek). Canadian Agric Eng 14: 89-95.
Singh KK, Goswami TK (1998). Mechanical properties of cumin seed (Cuminum cyminum Linn) under compressive loading. J Food Eng 36: 311-321.
Sitkei G (1986). Mechanics of Agricultural Materials. Budapest, Hungary: Akademiai Kiado.
Tetteh JP, Ofori E (1998). A baseline survey of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) production in the Kwahu South District of Ghana. Ghana J Agr Sci 31: 211-216.