Response to inoculation and sowing date of soybean under Bafra Plain conditions in the Northern Region of Turkey*

Türkiye’nin kuzeyinde Kızıl Irmak deltasının çevresinde bulunan Bafra Ovası (410 35’K; 350 56’ D), yazlık ekimler için kısa bir bitki büyüme mevsimine sahiptir. Bununla birlikte 80.000 ha olan bölge toprakları, ekenci veya orta erkenci çesitlerin kullanılmasıyla önemli bir soya [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] üretim potansiyeline sahip olabilir. Bafra Ovası’nda soyanın optimum ekim zamanını belirlemek, asılamanın ve ekim zamanının soyanın verimi ve verim komponentleri üzerine etkisini ortaya koymak için, P–9292 soya çesiti ile tarla denemeleri yürütülmüstür. Dört tekrarlamalı “Bölünmüs Parseller Deneme Desenine” göre kurulan denemelerde, Rhizobium japonicum ile asılı ve asısız muamele edilen tohumlar 1991 ve 1992 yıllarında 3, 1993 yılında ise 4 farklı tarihte ekilmislerdir. Tohum asılaması ve erken ekim her üç yılda da tohum verimini artırmıstır. 1991, 1992 ve 1993’de yapılan ilk ekimlerden alınan 2728, 2786 ve 2779 kg ha–1 verimler, en geç ekimlere göre sırasıyla 969, 614 and 887 kg ha–1 daha fazla bulunmustur. VE–R1, R1–R3 ve VE–R8 peryodları ile yüksek verim arasındaki iliskiler, nodül sayısı, bitki boyu ve 100–tohum agırlıgına göre daha yakın bulunmustur. Bafra ovası için en uygun soya ekim zamanı 1–15 Mayıs tarihleri olarak belirlenmistir.

Türkiye’nin kuzeyinde, Bafra Ovası koşullarında soya fasulyesinin aşılama ve ekim zamanına tepkisi

The Bafra Plain (latitude 410 35’ N; longitude 350 56’ E) which located surrounding of Kızıl Irmak delta in the northern Turkey, has a short plant growing season for spring sowings. However, the soils of the region (about 80 000 ha) may have an important soybean [Glycin max (L.) Merr.] production potential with using the earliest or mid–earliest cultivars. Field experiments were conducted to determine the optimum sowing date of soybean, and effects of inoculation and sowing date on the yield and yield components. P–9292 soybean cultivar was evaluated either inoculated with Rhizobium japonicum or not inoculated at 3 sowing dates for 1991 and 1992 and 4 sowing dates for 1993 at Bafra, Samsun. The experimental design was a randomized block in a split plot with four replications. Both seed inoculation and early sowing increased seed yields for each year. With earliest sowings in 1991, 1992 and 1993 seed yields were obtained as 2728, 2786 and 2779 kg ha–1, respectively which were 969, 614 and 887 kg ha–1 more than the latest sowings. Duration of periods between VE–R1, R1–R3 and VE–R8 were found more closely related with high yields than nodule number, plant height and 100–seed weight. Early–May to mid–May was the optimum sowing period of soybean for Bafra Plain.

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