Pathogenicity of Paecilomyces spp. to the glasshouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, with some observations on the fungal infectionprocess

Bu çalışma dokuz Paecilomyces fumosoroseus ile bir Paecilomyces lilacinus izolatının sera beyazsineği (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)'ni enfekte etme oranlarını belirlemek için yürütülmüştür. Ayrıca, fungal etmen P. fumosoroseus'un T. vaporariorum üzerinde gerçekleştirdiği enfeksiyon aşamaları ışık ve elektron mikroskopları kullanılarak gözlemlenmiştir. Biyotestler 2. dönem nimfler üzerine fungal spor süspansiyonu inokule edilerek yürütülmüştür. Spor süspansiyonunun inokule edilmesini takip eden 3. ve 6. günlerde ölümler kaydedilmiştir. Bütün Paecilomyces izolatlarının etkinlikleri inkübasyon süresi uzatıldıkça artırmıştır. Test edilen izolatlardan 7 tanesi sera beyazsineği nimfleri üzerinde önemli oranda ölümlere neden olmuştur, izolatlar arasında en yüksek virulens gösteren 2658, 4400, 4406, 4408 ve 4415 nolu izolatlar inokulasyondan altı gün sonra % 70'i aşan ölümlere neden olmuştur. Enfeksiyonun gelişim aşamaları suni olarak enfekte edilmiş nimfler üzerinde 12 saat aralıklar ile takip edilmiştir. Fungusun sera beyazsineğini enfekte etme aşamaları diğer böceklerde funguslar tarafından gerçekleştirilen enfeksiyonlarla benzerlik göstermektedir. Çalışmanın sonuçları fungusun konukçusunu kısa sürede öldürdüğünü, sera beyazsineğine karşı patojenik olduğunu ve bu nedenle sera beyazsineğinin seralarda mücadelesinde biyokontrol etmeni olarak bu fungus üzerinde daha fazla çalışmanın gerekliliğini göstermiştir

Paecilomyces spp.' nin sera beyazsineğine, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, patojenitesi ve fungal enfeksiyon gelişimi üzerine bazı gözlemler

This study was carried out to determine the infection rates of 9 Paecilomyces fumosoroseus isolates and 1 Paecilomyces lilacinus isolate on the glasshouse whitefly (GWF), Trialeurodes vaporariorum. Furthermore, the infection progress of P. fumosoroseus was observed on the insect using light and scanning electron microscopes. Bioassays were carried out on second instar nymphs by the application of a spore suspension of each isolate. The mortality data were recorded 3 and 6 days after the application. The effect of Paecilomyces isolates increased as the incubation time was extended. Seven isolates caused significant mortality to the GWF nymphs. The most virulent isolates, 2658, 4400, 4406, 4408 and 4415, killed over 70% of the inoculated nymphs 6 days after inoculation. The development of infection was monitored on artificially infected nymphs at 12-h intervals. Infection by the fungus on the GWF was similar to those reported for other fungus-insect cases. The results of this study showed that the fungus was pathogenic to T. vaporariorum, rapidly killing its host, and thus further studies are required to determine the potential use of the fungus as a biocontrol agent against GWF in greenhouses.

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