Occurrence and seasonal variation of the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus neglectus on cereals in Bolu, Turkey
Occurrence and seasonal variation of the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus neglectus on cereals in Bolu, Turkey
: The root lesion nematode Pratylenchus spp. is one of the most important plant-parasitic nematodes causing global cereal yieldlosses. Effective management of plant-parasitic nematodes depends on reliable management strategies and comprehensive datasetsestimating the distribution, abundance, and population change of nematode species. This study reports the occurrence of Pratylenchusneglectus in wheat-growing districts during the 2014/15 and 2015/16 cropping seasons in Bolu, Turkey. Pratylenchus neglectus wasidentified by both morphological and molecular methods. The nematode was detected in 11.6% of samples collected from five districts.On average, P. neglectus numbered 1556 nematodes/kg soil, while 12% of samples had more than 2500 nematodes/kg soil. P. neglectuspopulation dynamics were evaluated by sowing a susceptible winter wheat variety (Bezostaya) in a naturally infested field near theÇaydurt district of Bolu during the 2014/15 and 2015/16 cropping seasons. There was a positive correlation (P < 0.01) between nematodeabundance in roots and surrounding soil temperature. The highest abundance of nematodes in roots occurred during May (averagetemperature: 22 °C), while the lowest abundance was during December–March (average temperature: 5 °C). The initial population wasmeasured as an average of 60 nematodes/100 g soil. The reproduction rate of P. neglectus ranged from 0.7 to 4.8 individuals.
___
- Al-Banna L, Ploeg AT, Williamson WM, Kaloshian I (2004).
Discrimination of six Pratylenchus species using PCR and
species specific primers. J Nematol 36: 142-146.
- Castillo P, Vovlas N (2007). Pratylenchus (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae):
diagnosis, biology, pathogenicity, management. In: Hunt DJ,
Perry RN, editors. Nematology Monographs and Perspectives.
- Leiden, the Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill, pp. 376-379.
Ferris H, McKendry MV (1976). Nematode community structure in
a vineyard soil. J Nematol 19: 131-137.
- Fortuner R (1977). Pratylenchus thornei. CIH Description of
Plant-Parasitic Nematodes. Set 7, No. 93. St Albans, UK:
Commonwealth Institute of Helminthology.
- Gözel U, Elekcioğlu IH (2005). Effect of managing plant parasitic
nematodes on growth of wheat varieties in East Mediterranean
region of Turkey. Pakistan J Nematol 23: 289-296.
- Handoo Z, Golden AM (1989). A key and diagnostic compendium
of the genus Pratylenchus filipjev, 1936 (lesion nematode). J
Nematol 21: 202-218.
- Holterman M, Van Der Wurff A, Van Den Elsen S (2006). Phylumwide analysis of SSU rDNA reveals deep phylogenetic
relationships among nematodes and accelerated evolution
toward crown clades. J Mol Evol 23: 1792-1800.
- Hooper DJ (1970). Handling, fixing, staining and mounting
nematodes. In: Southey JF, editor. Laboratory Methods for
Work with Plant And Soil Nematodes. London, UK: Ministry
of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food, pp. 39-54.
- Hooper DJ (1986). Extraction of free living stages from soil. In:
Southey JF, editor. Laboratory Methods for Work with Plant
and Soil Nematodes. London, UK: CAB International, pp. 5-30.
- İmren M, Elekcioğlu İH (2008). Determination of plant parasitic
nematodes in vegetable, wheat and grapvine fields in
Diyarbakır province. Ç.Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü 17: 116-121
(in Turkish with abstract in English).
- Jones JT, Haegeman A, Danchin EG, Gaur HS, Helder J, Jones
MG, Perry RN (2013). Top 10 plant‐parasitic nematodes in
molecular plant pathology. Mol Plant Pathol 14: 946-961.
- Kepenekci İ (2012). Nematoloji (Bitki Paraziti ve Entomopatojen
Nematodlar). Ankara, Turkey: Education Directorate of
Publications and Publications, Agricultural Science Series (in
Turkish).
- Moody EH, Lownsbery BF, Ahmed JM (1973). Culture of the rootlesion nematode Pratylenchus vulnus on carrot disks. J Nematol
5: 225-226.
- Pinochet J, Calvet C, Camprubi, A, Fernandez C (1995). Interaction
between the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus vulnus and the
mycorrhizal association of Glomus intraradices and Santa Lucia
64 cherry rootstock. Plant Soil 170: 32-329.
- Sahin E, Nicol JM, Yorgancilar A, Elekcioglu IH, Tulek A, Yildirim
AF, Bolat N (2008). Seasonal variation of field populations of
Heterodera filipjevi, Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus on
winter wheat in Turkey. Nematol Mediterr 36: 51-56.
- Siddiqi MR (1972). Pratylenchus coffeae, C.A.B. Descriptions of plantparasitic nematodes. J Helminthol 6: 3.
- Smiley RW, Merrifield K, Patterson LM, Whıttaker RG, Gourlie JA,
Easley SA (2004). Nematodes in dryland field crops in the
semiarid Pacific Northwest United States. J Nematol 36: 54-68.
- Speijer PR, De Waele D (1997). Screening of Musa Germplasm for
Resistance and Tolerance to Nematodes (Vol. 1). Montpellier,
France: INIBAP.
- Taheri A, Hollamby GJ, Vanstone VA (1994). Interaction between root
lesion nematode, Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch) Chitwood
and Oteifa and root rotting fungi of wheat. Crop Hortic Sci 22:
181-185.
- Taylor S, Vanstone V (1996). Nematodes do not have to be the root of
all crop problems. Aust Grain 6: 679.
- Taylor SP, Vanstone VA, Ware AH, Mckay AC, Szot D, Russ MH
(1999). Measuring yield loss in cereals caused by root lesion
nematodes (Pratylenchus neglectus and Pratylenchus thornei)
with and without nematicide. Aust J Agr Res 50: 617-622.
- Thompson JP, Clewett TG, Sheedy JG, Reen RA, O’Reilly MM (2010).
Occurrence of root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and
P. neglectus) and stunt nematode (Merlinius brevidens) in the
northern grain region of Australia. Australas Plant Pathol 39:
254-264.
- Thompson JP, Rostad HE, Whish JPM (2017). Survival of rootlesion nematode Pratylenchus neglectus during progressive soil
desiccation after growth of wheat in a vertisol. Biol Fert Soils
53: 357-366.
- Townshend JL, Anderson, RV (1976). Pratylenchus neglectus. CIH
Description of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes. Set 6, No. 82. St
Albans, UK: Commonwealth Institute of Helminthology.
- Troccoli A, De Luca F, Hando ZA, Vito Di M (2008). Morphological
and molecular characterization of Pratylenchus lentis n. sp.
(Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) from Sicily. J Nematol 40: 190-196.
- Vanstone VA, Nicol JM (1993). Factors affecting pathogenicity
and multiplication of Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei in
inoculation experiments. In: Proceedings of the Pratylenchus
workshop in 9th Biennial APPS Conference, Hobart, Australia,
pp. 9-14.
- Vanstone VA, Rathjen AJ, Ware AH, Wheeler RD (1998). Relationship
between root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus neglectus and P.
thornei) and performance of wheat varieties. Aust J Exp Agr 38:
181-188.
- Waeyenberge L, Ryss A, Moens M, Pinochet J, Vrain TC (2000).
Molecular characterization of 18 Pratylenchus species using
rDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism. Nematology
2: 135-142.
- Yıldız S, Elekçioğlu İH (2011). Nematode biodiversity in agricultural
and natural habitats of Sanliurfa, Turkey. Turk Entomol DergTu 35: 381-394.
- Yıldız S, İmren M, Duman N (2017). A study on nematode biodiversity
in cereal growing areas of Bolu, Turkey. Turk Entomol Derg-Tu
41: 159-168.