İftikhar AHMAD*, Muhammad ASIF, Atyab AMJAD, Sagheer AHMAD

Fertilization enhances growth, yield, and xanthophyll contents of marigold

The effects of various NPK levels on growth, flowering, and xanthophyll contents of African marigold (Tagetes erecta, 'Double Eagle') and French marigold (Tagetes patula, 'Yellow') were investigated. Plant height, number of branches plant-1, leaf area (cm2), total chlorophyll contents (mg g-1), number of flowers plant-1, flower diameter, flower quality, fresh and dry weight of a flower, total flower weight plant-1, blooming period, and days to flowering were maximum with 15:10:10 g m-2 NPK application. However, leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents reached the highest values with 15:20:10, 5:20:10, and 10:20:10 g m-2 NPK application, respectively. Xanthophyll contents were higher in plants fertilized with 15:20:10 g m-2 NPK application. Results suggested that NPK fertilization enhanced growth and improved yield, quality, and xanthophyll contents of marigold.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Annual flowers, lutein, macronutrients, specialty cut flowers, Tagetes spp.

Fertilization enhances growth, yield, and xanthophyll contents of marigold

Keywords:

lutein, macronutrients, specialty cut flowers, Tagetes spp., Annual fl owers,

PDF

___

Agrios GN (1997) Plant Pathology. 4th ed. Academic Press, London.
Association of Offi cial Analytical Chemists (AOAC) (1984) Offi cial methods of analysis of the AOAC. 14th ed. AOAC, Washington, DC.
Anamika, Lavania ML (1990) Eff ect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on growth, yield and quality of rose. Haryana J Hort Sci 19: 291-298.
Anuradha K, Pampapathy K, Naryan N (1990) Eff ect of nitrogen and phosphorus on fl owering, yield and quality of Marigold. Indian J Hort 47: 353-357.
Arora JS, Singh J (1980) Eff ect of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and fl ower production of Marigold (Tagetes erecta). Indian J Hort 43: 83-84.
Asif M (2008) Eff ect of Various NPK Levels on Growth, Yield and Xanthophyll Contents of Marigold. MSc Th esis. Inst of Hort Sci, Univ of Agric, Faisalabad, Pakistan, p. 95.
Baldwin RE, Waldenmaier CM, Lambe RC (1993) Marigold research report 1986-1993. Va. Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Painter, VA.
Belorkar PV, Patil BN, Golliwar VJ, Kothare AJ (1992) Eff ect of nitrogen levels and spacing on growth, fl owering and yield of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L). J Soil Crops 2: 62-64.
Bosma TL, Dole JM, Maness NO (2003) Crop ecology, management and quality: Optimizing marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) petal and pigment yield. Crop Sci 43: 2118-2124.
Chadaha ASS, Rathore SVS, Genesh RK (1999) Infl uence of N and P fertilization and ascorbic acid on growth and fl owering of African marigold. South Indian Horticulture 47: 342-346.
Cooper RJ, Spokas LA (1991) Growth, quality and foliar iron concentration of Kentucky blue grass treated with chelated iron source. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 116: 798-801.
Deineka VI, Sorokopudov, VN, Deineka LA, Tret’yakov MYu (2007) Flowers of marigold (Tagetes) species as a source of xanthophylls. Pharmac Chem J 41: 540-542.
Delgado-Vargas F, Paredes-Lopez O, Avila-Gonzalez E (1998) Eff ect of sunlight illumination on marigold fl owers meals and egg yolk pigmentation. J Agric Food Chem 46: 698-706.
EI-Saeid HM, Hussein MS, EI-Sherbeny SE, Omer EA (1996) Eff ect of nitrogen on yield and active constituents of Tagetes patula. Egyptian J Hort 23: 101-102.
Kashif N (2001) Eff ect of NPK on growth and chemical eff ect on Vase-life of Zinnia. MSc Th esis. PMAS Arid Agri. Univ., Rawalpindi, Pakistan, p. 23.
Khan GA, Sajid M, Zubair M, Noor-ul-Amin (2007) Response of Dahlia pinnata to diff erent levels of nitrogen alone and in combination with constant doses of phosphorus and potassium. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 23: 571-576.
Lee KD, Supaniani MSY, Smith DL (2005) Fertilizer eff ect on the yield and terpene components from the fl ower heads of Chrysanthemum boreale M. Agronomie 25: 205-211.
Lierop B (1976) A single plant tissue digestion for macronutrient analysis. Comm Soil Sci Pl Anal 301: 677-687.
Nagaich KN, Trivedi SK, Rajesh L (2003) Eff ect of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth, fl owering, yield and quality of marigold. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 8: 203-209.
Quackenbush FW, Miller SL (1972) Composition and analysis of the carotinoids in marigold petals. J Assoc Anal Chem 55: 617-621.
Rathore SVS, DK Dera, Chand U (1985) Studies of nitrogen nutrition through foliar spray of urea on the performance of African marigold. Udyarika 5: 37-40.
Steel RGD, Torrie JH Dicky DA (1997) Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometric Approach. 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York.
Vankar PS, Shanker R, Wijayapala S (2009) Utilization of temple waste fl ower – Tagetes erecta for dyeing of cotton, wool and silk on industrial scale. J. Textile Apparel Tech Manag 6: 1-15.