Effect of pollination levels on uyield and quality of maize grown for silage

Kuru madde ve tane verimi iyi olan mısır çeşitleri yem üretiminde daha çok tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kontrollü tozlaşma koşullarında dört silajlık mısırda tane gelişimi ve yem değerleri arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Araştırmada, kontrollü döllenme koşullarında mısır çeşitlerinin asit deterjan fiber (ADF), nötral deterjan fiber (NDF) ve ham protein (CP) değerleri incelenmiştir. Tozlaşmanın kontrol edilmesiyle koçanda tane oluşumu etkilenmiştir. Tozlaşma uygulamalarının bitki boyu ve sap kalınlığına etkisi görülmemiştir. Ancak, mısır çeşitleri arasında bitki boyu ve sap kalınlığı bakımından farklılıklar belirlenmiştir. Koçanda tane oluşumu ile yaprak oranı (r = -0.68**) ve sap oranı (-0.87**) arasında negatif ilişki vardır. Koçan oranı ile kuru madde verimi arasında (r = 0.69**) pozitif ilişki olmasına karşın, ADF (r = -0.73**) ve NDF (r = -0.73**) oranı arasinda negatif ilişki belirlenmiştir. Mısır çeşitlerinde hasat indeksi tozlaşma uygulamalarına göre değişkenlik göstermiştir. En yüksek kuru madde verimi (17.8 Mg ha"1) %100 açık tozlaşma uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. %100 tozlaşma uygulamasından elde edilen kuru madde oranı, %0 tozlaşma uygulamasına göre %19 daha yüksek olmuştur. Kuru madde oranı ile tane verimi (r = 0.80**) ve koçan oranı (r = 0.81**) arasında pozitif, yaprak oranı (r = -0.63**) ve sap oranı (r = -0.77**) arasında negatif ilişki belirlenmiştir. Mısır çeşitlerinde, tozlaşma oranı veya koçanda tane oluşumunun artmasıyla NDF ve ADF oranlarında azalma belirlenmiştir. Koçanda tane oluşumuna bağlı olarak kuru madde verimi ve kuru madde oranı da artmıştır.

Tozlaşma düzeylerinin silajlık mısırda verim ve kaliteye etkisi

Maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids with good yields of grain and whole-plant dry matter are preferred for forage production. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between kernel development and nutritive value of maize silage, using controlled pollination to alter the extent of ear fill in 4 maize hybrids. Whole-plant acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and crude protein (CP) were measured. Pollination control affected the ear fill for 0% and 100% pollination levels. Stem diameter and plant height were not affected by pollination treatment; however, they were different for the hybrids. Leaf content and stalk content were negatively correlated (r = -0.68** and -0.87**, respectively) with actual ear fill. Ear content was also positively correlated with dry matter (DM) yield (r = 0.69**) and was negatively correlated with ADF (r = -0.73**) and NDF (r = -0.73**). Harvest index varied among pollination treatments and the hybrids. The greatest DM yield (17.8 Mg ha-1) obtained at 100% pollination level. Whole-plant DM content increased by 19% as pollination level increased from 0% to 100%. DM content was positively correlated with grain yield (r = 0.80**) and ear content (r = 0.81**) and it was negatively correlated with leaf content (r = -0.63**) and stalk content (r = -0.77**). Whole-plant NDF (r = -0.81**) and ADF (r = -0.75**) were negatively correlated with pollination levels or actual ear fill. DM content and DM yield increased with pollination levels as a function of ear fill. The results revealed that ear fill and kernel development are important factors in decreasing whole-plant NDF and ADF values.

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