Adelina HARIZANOVA, Zlatko ZLATEV, Lyubka Koleva Agricultural UNİVERSİTYPLOVDİV, - PLOVDİV, - BULGARİA

Effect of Silicon on Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes and Photosynthesis in Leaves of Cucumber Plants (Cucumis sativus L.)

Anahtar Kelimeler:

-

Effect of Silicon on Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes and Photosynthesis in Leaves of Cucumber Plants (Cucumis sativus L.)

The effects of exogenous silicon (Si) on changes of photosynthesis and the activities of major antioxidant enzymes such as guaiacol peroxidase (GPOD), siringaldasine peroxidase (SPOD) and antiradical activity (DPPH) as well as the content of polyphenols and photosynthetic pigments were investigated in leaves of young cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.), cv. Gergana. Plants were grown as a water culture in climatic boxes, under a PPFD of 350 µmol m-2 s-1. Five treatments consisting of a control (basic Hoagland nutrient solution without Si) and basic nutrient solution with 0.5 mM Si, 1.0 mM Si, 1.5 mM Si and 2.0 mM Si, were investigated. Plants were grown 15 days and analyses were performed at the end of experiment on the third leaf, which was fully developed. It was established that Si treatment increased photosynthetic activity of leaves. The variant with 1.5 mM Si has shown the highest photosynthetic rate. Activity of main antioxidant enzymes decreased in plant leaves and roots. The content of polyphenols was changed insignificantly in roots and in leaves of Si-treated plants. The content of pigments increased and highest values were established in variant with 1.5 mM Si. These results suggested that exogenous Si application in nutrient solution was useful to increase young cucumber antioxidant capacity and photosynthesis

Keywords:

cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), silicon, antioxidant enzymes photosynthesis,

PDF

___

Baker A.J.M., McGrath S.P., Reeves R.D., Smith J.A.C., 2000. Metal hyperaccumulator plants: a review of the ecology and physiology of a biological resource for phytoremediation of metal polluted soils. Contaminated Soil and Water. Edited of by Terry N, Banuelos GS. Boca Raton: CRC press; 85-107.
Belanger R.R., Benhamou N., Menzies J.G., 2003. Cytological evidence of an active role of silicon in wheat resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. Sp tritici). Phytopathology, 93: 402–412.
Bergmeyer H.U., 1974. Reagents for enzymatic analysis. In: Methods of enzymatic analysis, eds. H.U.Bergmeyer and K. Gawehn, Vol I, 494-495. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, Bergstrasse.
Blois M.S., 1958. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature, 26: 1199-1200.
Britez R.M., Watanabe T., Jansen S., Reissmann C.B., Osaki M. 2002. The relationship between accumulation in leaves of Faramea marginata Phytologist, 156: 437–444. silicon (Rubiaceae). New
Cherif M., Asselin A., Belanger R.R., 1994. Defense responses induced by soluble silicon in cucumber roots infected by Pythium spp. Phytopathology, 84: 236– 242.
Datnoff L.E., Deren C.W., Snyder G.H., 1997. fertilization Silicon management of rice in Florida. Crop Protection,16: 525-531. disease
Davenport R.J., Tester M., 2000. A weakly voltage-dependent, cation channel mediates toxic sodium influx in wheat. Plant Physiol, 122:823- 834.
Demidchik V., 2002. Nonselective cation channels in plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 53:67-107.
Epstein E., 1999. Silicon. Annual Review of Plant and Physiology Biology, 50: 641–664. Molecular
Fauteux F., Remus-Borel W., Menzies J.G., Belanger R.R., 2005. Silicon and plant disease resistance against pathogenic fungi. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 249:, 1–6.
Fawe A., Abou-Zaid M, Menzies J.G., Bélanger R.R., accumulation of flavonoid phytoalexins in cucumber. Phytopathology, 88: 396– 401.
Gad N., 2006. Increasing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilization through cobalt application to pea plant. Res J Agr Biol Sci, 2:433-442.
Hattori T., Inanaga S., Araki H., An P., Morita S., Luxova M., Lux A., 2005. Application of silicon enhanced drought tolerance in Sorghum Plantarum, 123: 459–466. Physiologia Hodson M.J., Sangster A.G., interactions Aluminium/silicon conifers. Biochemistry. 76: 89–98. in Journal of Inorganic
Imberty A., Goldberg R., Catesson A.M., 1985. Isolation Populus isoperoxidases involved in the last step of lignin formation. Planta, 164: 221-226.
Jansen S., Watanabe T., Dessein S., Smets E., Robbrecht E. 2003. A comparative study of metal levels in leaves of some Al-accumulating Rubiaceae. Annals of Botany, 91: 657–663.
Khalid Al-aghabary, Zhujun Zhu, Qinhua Shi., 2005. Influence of Silicon Supply on Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Enzyme Activities in Tomato Plants Under Salt Stress. Journal of Plant Nutrition Volume 27, Issue 12, pages 2101-2115 Chlorophyll Antioxidative
Lichtenthaler H.K., 1987. Chlorophylls and carotenoids: photosynthetic Methods Enzymol. 148, 350-382.
Lux A., Luxova M., Hattori T., Inanaga S., Sugimoto Y., 2002. Silicification in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) cultivars with different drought tolerance. Physiologia Plantarum. 115: 87–92.
Ma J.F., 2004. Role of silicon in enhancing the resistance of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 50: 11–18.
Mico´ C, Li HF, Zhao FJ, McGrath SP., 2008. Use of Co speciation and soil properties to explain variation in Co toxicity to root growth of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in different soils. Environ Poll, 156:883- 890.
Ohnishi J-I, Flugge U-I, Heldt HW, Kanai R., 1990. Involvement of Na+ in active uptake of pyruvate in mesophyll chloroplasts of some C4 plants. Plant Physiol, 94:950- 959.
Pilon-Smits E., Quinn C., Tapken W., Malagoli M., Schiavon M., 2009. Physiological functions of beneficial elements. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 12:267–274.
Remus-Borel W., Menzies J.G., Berliger R.R., 2005. compounds infected wheat. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 66, 108–115 antifungal mildew- in
Richmond K.E., Sussman M., 2003. Got silicon?The non-essential beneficial plant nutrient. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 6: 268–272.
Rodrigues F.A., McNally D.J., Datnoff L.E., Jones J.B., Labbe C., Benhamou N., Menzies J.G., Belanger R.R., 2004. Silicon enhances diterpenoid phytoalexins in rice: a potential resistance. Phytopathology 94, 177– 183 of for blast
Rodrigures, F.A., Jurick W.M. II, Datnoff L.E., Jones J.B., Rollins J.A., 2005 Silicon influences cytological and molecular events in compatible and incompatible rice-Magnaporthe grisea interactions. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 66, 144–159
Singleton V.L., Rossi J.A. 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic phosphotungstic American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16: 144-153. reagents.
Wang Y.X., Stass A., Horst W.J. 2004. Apoplastic binding of aluminum is involved in silicon-induced aluminum toxicity in maize. Plant Physiology, 136: 3762–3770.
Zhujun Zhu, Guoqiang Weib, Juan Lia, Qiongqiu Qiana, Jingquan Yu. 2004. Silicon alleviates salt stress and increases antioxidant enzymes activity in leaves of salt-stressed cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Plant Science Volume 167, Issue 3, Pages 527–533.