Svetla KOSTADINOVA, Galia PANAYOTOVA, - -

Accumulation and Dynamic of Dry Mass in Durum Wheat Cultivars in dependence of Nitrogen fertilization

Anahtar Kelimeler:

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Accumulation and Dynamic of Dry Mass in Durum Wheat Cultivars in dependence of Nitrogen fertilization

Dry mass accumulation and dynamic until anthesis and during a grain filling period of seven Bulgarian durum wheat cultivars (Progress, Vazhod, Victoria, Predel, Deana, Zvezdica and Elbrus) were studied in 20102011. A field experiment with four rates of nitrogen fertilization – 0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N.ha-1 was conducted. The climatic conditions (temperature and precipitations) during the vegetation of durum wheat were close to the mean long-term values for the region of South Bulgaria. It was found that dry mass at anthesis and maturity (without grain) and grain yield significantly increased with increasing of the nitrogen fertilizing up to rate N120. The high nitrogen rate of 180 kg N.ha-1 decreased the post anthesis net dry mass accumulation of studied cultivars with the exception of variety Predel. The model of dry mass dynamic depended of the cultivar and nitrogen fertilizing. The nitrogen fertilization increased average values of dry mass translocation and dry mass translocation efficiency, the contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to the grain, and enhanced the average ratio of pre- to post anthesis accumulated dry mass of wheat cultivars. Bulgarian standard cultivar Vazhod was characterized with positive dry mass translocation and dry mass translocation efficiency, independently of nitrogen levels. At fertilization rates N60 and N180 new cultivar Elbrus demonstrated the highest dry mass translocation - 2590 and 2750 kg DM.ha-1, respectively, and high dry mass translocation efficiency (25 %) and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to the grain (50 %). At moderate nitrogen rate 120 kg N.ha-1 the reutilization efficiency of biomass and contribution of pre anthesis assimilates to the grain were the highest in cultivar Predel – 25.2 and 49.1 %, respectively

Keywords:

dry mass reutilization, translocation efficiency durum wheat,

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