SEZGİN HACISALİHOĞLU

Semi-Arid Plantation by Anatolian Black Pine and Its Effects on Soil Erosion and Soil Properties

In this study, the effects of Anatolian Black pine [(Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe] plantation on hydro-physical soil properties and soil loss were investigated. This study was carried out on the afforestation field of Anatolian Black Pine in the Gölbaşı district of Ankara province, which is included in the arid and semi-arid regions. Totally 48 soil sample in two soil depth level (0-20cm, 20-50cm) were collected from forest (36 soil sample) and barren (control) area (12 soil sample). Hydro-physically important soil properties were analysed [Sand (%), Silt (%), Clay (%), Organic Matter (%), pH, Field Capacity (%), Wilting Point (%), Saturation (%), Available Water Holding Capacity (cm/cm) Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity (cm/hr), Bulk Density (gr/cm3)]. And soil loss in a unit area by using ABAG (Allgemeine Boden Abtrags Gleichung) model was estimated. Soil properties and soil loss amount relations among the land use group were determined. Topsoil (0-20cm) and subsoil (20-50cm) properties except subsoil organic matter were significantly affected by land use group. Finally, Significant changes were found for annual soil loss amounts in a unit area. Avarage annual soil loss in planted area was found approximately 5.5 times less than barren area at 0-50 cm soil depth. Vegetation factor (C) which is one of the most important components of the soil loss equation, has been significantly affected by afforestation in a short period of 40 years and thus it was a variable to reduce to soil loss.

Yarı Kurak Bir Bölgedeki Karaçam Ağaçlandırmasının Toprak Erozyonu ve Toprak Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

Bu çalışmada, Anadolu Karaçamı [(Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe] ağaçlandırmalarının toprağın hidro-fiziksel özellikleri ile birim alandaki toprak kaybı üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışma, kurak ve yarı-kurak bölgelere dahil olan Ankara ili Gölbaşı ilçesi Anadolu Karaçamı ağaçlandırma sahasında yürütülmüştür. 2017 yılında, ağaçlandırma sahası içinden 36 ve açıklıktan (kontrol) 12 adet alt (0-2) ve üst (20-50) toprak tan toplam 48 adet toprak örneği alınarak önemli hidro-fiziksel toprak özellikleri [kum (%), toz (%), kil (%), organik madde (%), pH, tarla kapasitesi (%), solma noktası (%), toplam su tutma kapasitesi (%), alınabilir su tutma kapasitesi (cm/cm) doygun hidrolik iletkenlik (cm/hr), hacim ağırlığı (gr/cm3)] analiz edilmiş ve birim alandaki toprak kayıp miktarları USLE’den modifiye edilmiş ABAG (Allgemeine Boden Abtrags Gleichung) yöntemine göre belirlenmiş, toprak özellikleri ve toprak kayıp miktarları arasında ilişki aranmıştır. Üst toprak (0-20cm) ve alt toprak (20-50cm) özellikleri, alt topraktaki organik madde dışında, ağaçlandırma çalışmalarından önemli derecede etkilenmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra birim alanlardaki yıllık toprak kaybı miktarı, ağaçlandırma sahasında önemli derecede düşük bulunmuştur. Ortalama yıllık toprak kaybı (0-50 cm) açık alanda yaklaşık 5,5 kat daha fazla bulunmuştur. Toprak kaybı denkleminin en önemli bileşenlerinden biri olan bitki faktörü (C), 40 yıllık gibi kısa bir süre içerisinde ağaçlandırma çalışmalarından önemli derecede etkilenmiştir ve bu nedenle toprak kaybını azaltan bir değişken olmuştur.

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