Kayısı Bahçesinde DTPA ile Ekstrakte Edilebilir Mikroelementler Üzerine Farklı Örtücü Bitkilerin Rolü

Bu çalışma, Ülkemizin Malatya ilinde yeralan kil bünyeli bir kayısı bahçesinde DTPA ile ekstrakte edilebilir mikro besin elementleri (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) ve toprak pH’sı üzerine farklı örtücü bitkilerin etkilerini karşılaştırmak için yürütülmüştür. Bu amaç için, kayısı bahçesinde 5 farklı deneme grubu (Vicia villosa Roth (VV), Vicia pannonica Crantz (VP), Vicia pannonica Crantz (%70) ve Tritikale (%30) karışımı (VPT), Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth (PT), Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (FE)) ve 3 kontrol grubu (mekanik mücadele (MC), herbisitle mücadele (HC) ve yalın kontrol (BC)) kullanılmıştır. Analizler için her parselden 0-20 ve 20-40 cm derinliklerden toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, örtücü bitki uygulamaları 0-20 cm toprak derinliğinde kontrole göre toprakların pH değerlerini azaltırken, Fe, Mn ve Zn içeriklerini arttırmıştır. En yüksek Ekst-Fe (14,83mg kg-1 ), Mn (8,42 mg kg-1 ) ve Zn (1,03 mg kg-1 ) içerikleri 0-20 cm toprak derinliğinde VV uygulamasında elde edilmiştir. Yalın kontrolle karşılaştırıldığında, Fe, Mn ve Zn içeriklerindeki en yüksek yüzde artışlar VV uygulamasında olup sırasıyla %27,73, %31,69 ve %37,54 olarak bulunmuştur. VV uygulamasında en büyük önemli negative korelasyonlar pH ve Fe (-0,985**) arasında, pH ve Mn (-0,945**) arasında ve pH ve Zn (-0,764*) arasında elde edilmiştir. VP uygulamasında ise en büyük önemli negative korelasyonlar pH ve Fe (-0,948**) arasında, pH ve Mn (-0,928**) arasında ve pH ve Zn (-0,722*) arasında tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular neticesinde, örtücü bitkilerin, özellikle de Vicia villosa Roth ve Vicia pannonica Crantz uygulamalarının mikro besin elementlerini arttırmak ve sürdürülebilir toprak yönetimini sağlamak için üretim sistemine dahil edilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Role of Different Cover Crops on DTPA-Extractable Micronutrients in an Apricot Orchard

This study was conducted to compare the effect of different cover crop treatments on DTPAextractable micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) and soil pH in an apricot orchard with clay texturelocated in Malatya province of Turkey. For this purpose, 5 different experimental groups (Viciavillosa Roth (VV), Vicia pannonica Crantz (VP), Vicia pannonica Crantz and Tritikale mixture(70% + 30%, respectively) (VPT), Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth (PT), Fagopyrum esculentumMoench (FE)) and 3 control groups (mechanically cultivated (MC), herbicide treatment (HC) andbare control plot (BC)) were used in the apricot orchards. The soils were sampled from 0–20 cm and20-40 cm depths in each plot for soil analyses. According to the obtained results, while cover croptreatments reduced pH values of soils according to the bare control, the cover crops increased theFe, Mn and Zn contents of soils in the 0-20 cm soil depth. The highest Ext-Fe, Mn and Zn contentswere obtained in the VV (14.83mg kg-1, 8.42 mg kg-1, 1.03 mg kg-1, respectively) at the 0-20 cm soildepth. As compared to bare control, highest percent increases in Fe, Mn and Zn contents weredetermined in the VV 27.73%, 31.69% and 37.54%, respectively. The greatest significant negativecorrelations in the VV treatment were observed between pH and Fe (-0.985**), between pH and Mn(-0.945**) and between pH and Zn (-0.764*). The greatest significant negative correlations in theVP treatment were observed between pH and Fe (-0.948**), between pH and Mn (-0.928**) andbetween pH and Zn (-0.722*). It was concluded based on current findings that cover crops,especially Vicia villosa Roth and Vicia pannonica Crantz could be incorporated into croppingsystems to improve micronutrients and to provide a sustainable soil management.

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