Green tea obtained from the leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze having potential health benefits. It contains significant amounts of antioxidant and is considered as world healthiest drink. Polyphenols in tea are thought to exhibits anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. Green tea catechins acts as immune modulators in immune dysfunction and also play a role in protection from degenerative diseases. Intake of green tea catechins suppress high fat diet induced obesity, prevent lipid and glucose metabolism disorders and reduce risk of coronary heart disease. Green tea constituent epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a potential antioxidant that shows protective effects against photo toxicity and photo carcinogenesis. In vitro animal experiments have suggested that polyphenols in green tea protect from lung cancer by their antioxidant and antimutagenic properties. This study chiefly highlights the convenience of green tea on health and propagates its further prospects.
___
Adam‐Perrot A, Clifton P, Brouns F.2006. Low‐carbohydrate diets: nutritional and physiological aspects. Obesity reviews, 7(1):49-58.
Ali AH. 2018. Hepatoprotective effect of green tea extract against cyclophosphamide induced liver injury in Albino rats. Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research, 6(2):11-9.
Antunes DP, Salvia AC, de Araújo RM, Di Nicoló R, Koga Ito CY, de Araujo MA. 2015. Effect of green tea extract and mouthwash without alcohol on Candida albicans biofilm on acrylic resin. Gerodontology, 32(4):291-5.
Bamia C, Lagiou P, Jenab M, Trichopoulou A, Fedirko V, Aleksandrova K, Pischon T, Overvad K, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Boutron‐Ruault MC. 2015. Coffee, tea and decaffeinated coffee in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma in a E uropean population: Multicentre, prospective cohort study. International journal of cancer, 136(8):1899-908.
Barnes PM, Powell-Griner E, McFann K, Nahin RL. 2004. Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults: United States, 2002. InSeminars in integrative medicine, pp. 54-71.
Belitz HD, Grosch W. 1992. Química de los alimentos. Ben EW, Michael W. 2007. Medicinal plants of the world. Shinilbooks; Timber Press Inc.: Portland, OR, USA.
Benelli R, Venè R, Bisacchi D, Garbisa S, Albini A. 2002. Antiinvasive effects of green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3- gallate (EGCG), a natural inhibitor of metallo and serine proteases. Biological Chemistry, 383(1):101-5.
Bettuzzi S, Brausi M, Rizzi F, Castagnetti G, Peracchia G, Corti A. 2006. Chemoprevention of human prostate cancer by oral administration of green tea catechins in volunteers with highgrade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia: a preliminary report from a one-year proof-of-principle study. Cancer research, 66(2):1234-1240.
Bursill CA, Abbey M, Roach PD. 2007. A green tea extract lowers plasma cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis and upregulating the LDL receptor in the cholesterol-fed rabbit. Atherosclerosis, 193(1):86-93.
Cabrera C, Artacho R, Giménez R. 2006. Beneficial effects of green tea—a review. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 25(2):79-99.
Cavalli L, Tavani A. 2016. Coffee consumption and its impact on health. In Beverage Impacts on Health and Nutrition, pp. 29- 47.
Chacko SM, Thambi PT, Kuttan R, Nishigaki I. 2010. Beneficial effects of green tea: a literature review. Chinese medicine, 5(1):13.
Chei CL, Loh JK, Soh A, Yuan JM, Koh WP. 2018. Coffee, tea, caffeine, and risk of hypertension: The Singapore Chinese Health Study. European journal of nutrition, 57(4):1333- 1342.
Chen Y, Wu Y, Du M, Chu H, Zhu L, Tong N, Chen J. 2017. An inverse association between tea consumption and colorectal cancer risk. Oncotarget, 8(23):37367.
Dulloo AG, Seydoux J, Girardier L, Chantre P, Vandermander J. 2000. Green tea and thermogenesis: interactions between catechin-polyphenols, caffeine and sympathetic activity. International journal of obesity, 24(2):252-258.
Friedman M. 2007. Overview of antibacterial, antitoxin, antiviral, and antifungal activities of tea flavonoids and teas. Molecular nutrition & food research, 51(1):116-134.
Gontero P, Marra G, Soria F, Oderda M, Zitella A, Baratta F, Frea B. 2015. A randomized double‐blind placebo controlled phase I–II study on clinical and molecular effects of dietary supplements in men with precancerous prostatic lesions. Chemoprevention or “chemopromotion”? The Prostate, 75(11): 1177-1186.
Graham HN. 1992. Green tea composition, consumption, and polyphenol chemistry. Preventive medicine, 21(3):334-350.
Han LK, Takaku T, Li J, Kimura Y, Okuda H. 1999. Anti-obesity action of oolong tea. International journal of obesity, 23(1):98-105.
Isbrucker RA, Edwards JA, Wolz, E, Davidovich A, Bausch J. 2006. Safety studies on epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) preparations. Part 2: dermal, acute and short-term toxicity studies. Food and chemical toxicology, 44(5):636-650.
Jin X, Zheng RH, Li YM. 2008. Green tea consumption and liver disease: a systematic review. Liver international, 28(7): 990-996. Lee HS, Won NH, Kim KH, Lee H, Jun W, Lee KW. 2005.
Antioxidant effects of aqueous extract of Terminalia chebula in vivo and in vitro. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 28(9):1639-1644.
Mahmood MS, Mártinez JL, Aslam A, Rafique A, Vinet R, Laurido C, Ali S. 2016. Antiviral effects of green tea (Camellia sinensis) against pathogenic viruses in human and animals (a mini-review). African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 13(2):176-184.
Miyoshi N, Pervin M, Suzuki T, Unno K, Isemura M, Nakamura Y. 2015. Green tea catechins for well-being and therapy: Prospects and opportunities. Bot. Targets Ther, 5:85-96.
Mohammed FS, Pehlivan M, Sevindik M. 2019. Antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities of different extracts of Silybum marianum collected from Duhok (Iraq). International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 6(4): 317-322.
Mohammed FS, Günal S, Şabik AE, Akgül H, Sevindik M. 2020. Antioxidant and Antimicrobial activity of Scorzonera papposa collected from Iraq and Turkey. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(5): 1114-1118.
Najgebauer-Lejko D. 2014. Effect of green tea supplementation on the microbiological, antioxidant, and sensory properties of probiotic milks. Dairy science & technology, 94(4):327-339.
Nawab A, Farooq N. 2015. Review on green tea constituents and its negative effects. J Pharm Innov, 4(1):21-24.
Panagiotakos DB, Lionis C, Zeimbekis A, Gelastopoulou K, Papairakleous N, Das UN, Polychronopoulos E. 2009. Longterm tea intake is associated with reduced prevalence of (type 2) diabetes mellitus among elderly people from Mediterranean islands: MEDIS epidemiological study. Yonsei medical journal, 50(1):31-38.
Pehlivan M, Mohammed FS, Sevindik M, Akgul H. 2018. Antioxidant and oxidant potential of Rosa canina. Eurasian Journal of Forest Science, 6(4): 22-25.
Rehrah D, Ahmedna M, Yu J, Goktepe I, Hurley S, Hanner T, Rao‐Patel A. 2007. Enhanced cholesterol‐and triglyceride‐ lowering effect of West African green tea. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 87(7):1323-1329.
Sakanaka S. 1997. Green tea polyphenols for prevention of dental. Chemistry and applications of green tea, 87.
Samuel AJSJ, Mohan S, Chellappan DK, Kalusalingam A, Ariamuthu S. 2012. Hibiscus vitifolius (Linn.) root extracts shows potent protective action against anti-tubercular drug induced hepatotoxicity. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 141(1):396-402.
Sano M, Tabata M, Suzuki M, Degawa M, Miyase T, MaedaYamamoto M. 2001. Simultaneous determination of twelve tea catechins by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Analyst, 126(6):816-820.
Sawada N. 2017. Risk and preventive factors for prostate cancer in Japan: The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective (JPHC) study. Journal of epidemiology, 27(1):2-7.
Schneider C, Segre T. 2009. Green tea: potential health benefits. American family physician, 79(7):591-594. Sevindik M, Akgul H, Pehlivan M, Selamoglu Z. 2017.
Determination of therapeutic potential of Mentha longifolia ssp. longifolia. Fresen Environ Bull, 26(7): 4757-4763.
Siddiqui IA, Adhami VM, Saleem M, Mukhtar H. 2006. Beneficial effects of tea and its polyphenols against prostate cancer. Molecular nutrition & food research, 50(2):130-143.
Sing MF, Yang WS, Gao S, Gao J, Xiang YB. 2011. Epidemiological studies of the association between tea drinking and primary liver cancer: a meta-analysis. European Journal of Cancer Prevention, 20(3):157-165.
Song EK, Hur H, Han MK. 2003. Epigallocatechin gallate prevents autoimmune diabetes induced by multiple low doses of streptozotocin in mice. Archives of pharmacal research, 26(7):559-563.
Suliburska J, Bogdanski P, Szulinska M, Stepien M, PupekMusialik D, Jablecka A. 2012. Effects of green tea supplementation on elements, total antioxidants, lipids, and glucose values in the serum of obese patients. Biological trace element research, 149(3):315-322.
Suzuki Y, Miyoshi N, Isemura M. 2012. Health-promoting effects of green tea. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B, 88(3):88-101.
Tsuneki H, Ishizuka M, Terasawa M, Wu JB, Sasaoka T, Kimura I. 2004. Effect of green tea on blood glucose levels and serum proteomic patterns in diabetic (db/db) mice and on glucose metabolism in healthy humans. BMC pharmacology, 4(1):18.
Weisburger JH, Chung FL. 2002. Mechanisms of chronic disease causation by nutritional factors and tobacco products and their prevention by tea polyphenols. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 40(8):1145-1154.
Wu LY, Juan CC, Hwang LS, Hsu YP, Ho PH, Ho LT. 2004. Green tea supplementation ameliorates insulin resistance and increases glucose transporter IV content in a fructose-fed rat model. European journal of nutrition, 43(2):116-124.
Yang CS, Wang H. 2016. Cancer preventive activities of tea catechins. Molecules, 21(12): 1679.
Yang CS, Wang X, Lu G, Picinich SC. 2009. Cancer prevention by tea: animal studies, molecular mechanisms and human relevance. Nature Reviews Cancer, 9(6):429-439.
Zamboni M, Mazzali G, Zoico E, Harris TB, Meigs JB, Di Francesco V, Bosello O. 2005. Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a review of four unresolved questions. International journal of obesity, 29(9):1011-1029.
Zhang YF, Xu Q, Lu J, Wang P, Zhang HW, Zhou L, Zhou YH. 2015. Tea consumption and the incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. European Journal of Cancer Prevention, 24(4):353-362.