Mahmut TEPECİK, Gölgen Bahar ÖZTEKİN, Yüksel TÜZEL, Tuğba ULUDAĞ

Farklı Besin Solüsyonlarının Yüzen Su Kültüründe Rokanın Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerine Etkileri

Bengi F1 roka tohumları torf ortamına ekilmiştir. Her bir viyol gözüne (17 cc) 1 tohum gelecek şekilde (957 bitki/m2 ) ekim yapılmıştır. Çimlenme sonrası tohumlar adaptasyon serasına alınmış, çıkışlar tamamlandıktan sonra fideler su kültürüne aktarılmıştır. Bitkilerin beslenmesinde “tam doz” (komple besin solüsyonu: mg/L: N 150, P 50, K 150, Ca 150, Mg 50, Fe 5,0, Mn 0,50, Zn 0,05, B 0,50, Cu 0,03, Mo 0,02), “yarım doz” (makro elementleri %50 azaltılmış) besin solüsyonu ve “su” uygulaması kullanılmıştır. Ardışık 2 dönemde yapılan yetiştiricilikte her dönemde 3’er hasat yapılmış, ilk hasattan alınan yapraklarda kalite analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar iki dönem ortalaması şeklinde sunulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar, bitki gelişimi, verim ve kalite özelliklerinin besin solüsyonu konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak değiştiğini göstermiştir. Besin solüsyonu konsantrasyonu azaldıkça bitki gelişim ve verim değerlerinin azaldığı; renk ve toplam klorofil miktarlarının değişmediği, nitrat içeriğinin azalırken vitamin C içeriğinin arttığı saptanmıştır. Yaprak N, P, K ve Fe element içerikleri yarım doz uygulaması ile azalmış; Ca ve Mg’da değişiklik olmamıştır. Ancak ölçülen birçok parametrede tam doz ve yarım doz uygulamaları arasında istatistiksel bir farklılığın olmadığı görülmüştür. Su uygulaması bitki gelişimi ve verim için gübreli uygulamalara göre yeterli bulunmamıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, rokanın yüzen su kültüründe yetiştirilebileceği, besin elementleri %50 azaltılmış yarım doz uygulamasının verimde önemli bir azalma meydana getirmeden gerek nitrat içeriğini azaltıp, vitamin C içeriğini arttırması ve gerekse daha az gübre kullanımına olanak vermesi nedeni ile tercih edilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Effects of Different Nutrient Solutions on Yield and Quality Parameters of Rocket Grown in Floating Water Culture

Seeds of Bengi F1 rocket cultivar were sown into peat as inserting each seed to each hole (17 ccs)of trays with 210 cells (957 plant m-2). Following germination in the germination chamber,seedling trays were moved to a climate controlled greenhouse for adaptation. After emergence,the seedlings were transferred to water culture. The nutrient solution was applied as “full dose”(mg/L: N 150, P 50, K 150, Ca 150, Mg 50, Fe 5.0, Mn 0.50, Zn 0.05, B 0.50, Cu 0.03, Mo 0.02),“half dose” (macro elements reduced by 50%) and “without nutrients” (water). Cultivation wasperformed in 2 consecutive periods and in each period 3 harvests were done and quality analysiswas done on the leaves from the first harvest. Results were given as the mean of two periods.Results showed that plant growth, yield and quality parameters vary depending on theconcentration of the nutrient solution. It was observed that as the concentration of nutrient solutiondecreased, plant growth, biomass, yield values decreased, leaf color and total chlorophyllconcentration did not change and while nitrate content decreased, vitamin C content increased.Leaf N, P, K and Fe element contents decreased with half dose, whereas Ca and Mg content didnot change. However, there was no statistical difference between full dose and half dose treatmentsin many measured parameters. When all the data obtained from the study are evaluated together;it is suggested that rocket can be grown in a floating water culture and the dose of macro elementsas reduced 50% can be preferred because it reduces the nitrate content, increases the vitamin Ccontent and allows the use of less fertilizers without causing any significant reduction in yieldcompared with full dose.

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