Özlem GÜR ÖZDAL, MURAT ÖZDAL, ÖMER FARUK ALGUR, Alev SEZEN

Böcek Mikroflorasından ?-Endosülfanı Parçalayabilen Bakterilerin İzolasyonu ve Tanısı

Nüfusun ve sanayileşmenin artması sonucu, çevrede birçok kimyasal madde birikmektedir. Özellikle sentetik ve toksik kimyasalların yaygın kullanımı, çevreden bu kimyasal kirleticilerin azaltılması ya da yok edilmesi için yeni teknolojileri geliştirmeye yöneltmektedir. Geniş tarım alanlarında toksik maddelerin biyodegradasyonu için kullanılan kimyasal yöntemler pahalı, zaman alıcı ve zordur. Ayrıca bu yöntemler yeni kimyasal kirleticilerin ortaya çıkmasına da neden olur. Son yıllarda alternatif bir yöntem olarak, bu toksik kimyasalların biyodegradasyonu için mikroorganizmalar kullanılmaktadır. Bu yöntem etkili, daha az zararlı, ekonomik, çok yönlü ve çevre dostudur. Bu çalışmada insektisitlere dirençli böceklerin florasından elde edilen potansiyel yeni bakteriyel izolatların insektisitlerin biyodegradasyonu için kullanılabileceği düşünülmüştür. Orthoptera, Dermaptera, Mantodea ve Hymenoptera takımlarına ait böcek türlerinden, bir insektisit olan ?-endosülfanı parçalayabilen toplam 24 bakteriyal izolat elde edilmiştir. Morfolojik, fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal özellikler ile total yağ asidi profillerine göre izole edilen; Stenotrophomonas, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Flavimonas ve Rhodococcus cinslerine ait bakteriler teşhis edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu bakteriler farklı çevrelerde ?-endosülfan kalıntılarının arıtımında kullanılabilir.

Isolation and identification of ?-Endosulfan degrading bacteria from insect microflora

Increasing of industrialization and population has resulted in the accumulation of a wide variety of chemicals. Especially, widespread use of synthetic and toxic chemicals have led to an effort to improve new technologies to reduce or eliminate these contaminants from the environment. Chemical methods that used for the treatment of toxic materials are expensive, time-consuming and difficult, especially in extensive agricultural areas. Furthermore these methods led to formation of new chemical pollutants. Recent years, one promising alternative treatment method is to use of microorganisms for the biodegradation of these toxic chemicals. This method is effective, minimally hazardous, economical, versatile and environment friendly. In this study, we thought that microflora of insecticide resistant insects may be a potential reservoir for the isolation of new bacteria that can be used for the biodegradation of insecticides. In this research work, totally 24 bacterial isolates capable of biodegradation ?-endosulsan were isolated from the body microflora of insects belong to Orthoptera, Dermaptera, Mantodea and Hymenoptera orders. Based on the some morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and fatty acid profiles they were identified as Stenotrophomonas, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Flavimonas and Rhodococcus. As a result, these isolates can be used for the treatment of ?-endosulfan residues at different environments.

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