Gökhan AKARCA, Oktay TOMAR, Elif BAŞPINAR, Gamze YILDIRIM

Antifungal Effects of Some Raw Purple Vegetables on Foodborne Molds by Ethanol Extracts

Vegetables; in terms of vitamins, nutritional fiber, phenolic component and mineral matter has an important role in human nutrition. There are many species of purple-red vegetables, some of which are well-known, such as red beet (Beta vulgaris), black carrot (Daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens Alef), black radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. niger), purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra). Purple or red vegetables have higher antioxidant potential compared to other vegetables, which have many beneficial properties such as antimicrobial, antifungal, antiinflammatory and liver protection. Each of vegetables which is black carrot, beetroot, black radish and purple cabbage contains p-coumaric acid, betaxanthin, ellagic acid and indole-3-carbinol respectively. In this study, Antifungal effect of ethanol extracts obtained from red beet, black carrot, black radish which are inner and peel part, purple cabbage against 7 different subspecies of Penicillium, 6 different subspecies of Aspergillus and Mucor racemosus, Botrytis cinerea, Geotrichum candidum, Cladosporium claudosporioides, Rhizopus nigricans species were determined by using disk diffusion method. As a consequence; it was determined that 7 different samples had antifungal effect on 18 different mold species at various rate. The highest antifungal effect was observed with 23.05±0.05 mm zone diameter against A. fumigatus in black radish inner part ethanol extract. This value was pursued by red beet inner part ethanol extract against M. racemosus with 21.44±0.12 mm zone diameter. It was concluded that the lowest antifungal effect on mold species except for P. citrinum, P. solitum and B. cinerea in purple cabbage extract.

Bazı Çiğ Olarak Tüketilen Mor Sebzelerin Etanol Ekstraktlarının Gıda Kaynaklı Küfler Üzerindeki Antifungal Etkileri

Sebzeler; vitamin, besinsel lif, fenolik bileşen ve mineral madde bakımından insan beslenmesinde önemli bir role sahiptir. Mor-kırmızı renkli sebzelerin birçok türü olup bunlardan en bilinen türlerinden bazıları kırmızı pancar (Beta vulgaris), kara havuç (Daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens Alef), kara turp (Raphanus sativus L. var. niger), Mor lahana (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra) gibi sebzelerdir. Mor veya kırmızı renkli sebzeler diğer sebzelere kıyasla daha yüksek antioksidan potansiyeline sahip olup, antioksidan etkilerinin yanı sıra antimikrobiyal, antifungal, antiinflamatuar, karaciğer koruyucu gibi birçok faydalı özellikleri bulunur. Kara havuç, kırmızı pancar, kara turp ve mor lahana sebzelerinin her biri sırasıyla p-kumarik asit, betaksantin, elajik asit ve indol-3-karbinol içerir. Çalışmamızda; kırmızı pancar, kara havuç, kara turp iç ve kabuk kısımları ile mor lahanadan elde edilen etanol ekstraktlarının 7 farklı Penicillium, 6 farklı Aspergillus türleri ile Mucor racemosus, Botrytis cinerea, Geotrichum candidum, Cladosporium claudosporioides, Rhizopus nigricans türlerine karşı antifungal etkisi disk difüzyon yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, 7 farklı örneğin 18 farklı küf türü üzerinde değişik oranlarda antifungal etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek antifungal etki 23,05±0,05 mm zon çapı ile A. fumigatus’a karşı kara turp iç etanol ekstraktında gözlenmiştir. Bu değeri 21,44±0,12 mm zon çapı ile M. racemosus’a karşı kırmızı pancar iç etanol ekstraktı takip etmiştir. Mor lahana ekstraktının P.citrinum, P. solitum ve B. cinerea türleri hariç diğer küf türleri üzerinde en az antifungal etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.

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