Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Psikolojik İyi Olma, Duygusal Zekâ ve Sosyal İyi Olma Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi

Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik iyi oluş, duygusal zekâ ve sosyal iyi oluş düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkileri ve duygusal zekâ ve sosyal iyi oluşun psikolojik iyi oluş üzerindeki yordayıcı rolünü incelemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Sakarya Üniversitesi'nin çeşitli fakülte ve bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 305 katılımcı oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında “Psikolojik İyi Olma Ölçekleri”, “Duygusal Zekâ Ölçeği”, “Sosyal İyi Olma Ölçeği” ve “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” kullanılmıştır. Veriler, betimleyici istatistikler, bağımsız örneklem t testi, tek yönlü ANOVA, korelasyon katsayısı ve doğrusal regresyon kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları, psikolojik iyi oluşun duygusal zekâ ve sosyal iyi oluş ile pozitif yönde ilişkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte, psikolojik iyi oluş, duygusal zekâ ve sosyal iyi oluş tarafından pozitif olarak yordanmıştır. Kız öğrencilerin duygusal zekâ ve sosyal iyi oluş düzeyleri erkek öğrencilere göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik iyi oluşlarının cinsiyete göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin psikolojik iyi oluş, duygusal zekâ ve sosyal iyi oluş düzeyleri algılanan gelir düzeyleri açısından anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemiştir. Öğrencilerin duygusal zekâ ve sosyal iyi oluşlarının öğrenim gördükleri fakültelere göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaştığı, psikolojik iyi oluşlarının ise anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak, öğrencilerin psikolojik iyi oluş, duygusal zekâ ve sosyal iyi oluş düzeylerinin anne baba tutumu, anne baba eğitim düzeyi ve öğrencilerin akademik başarıları açısından anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Duygusal Zekâ, Psikolojik İyi Olma, Sosyal İyi Olma

An Investigation of Psychological Well-Being, Emotional Intelligence and Social Well-being Levels of University Students

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between psychological well-being, emotional intelligence, and social well-being levels of university students. The predictive role of emotional intelligence and social well-being on psychological well-being was also examined. The study group was comprised of 305 students from various faculties and undergraduate schools of Sakarya University. “Scales of Psychological Well-being”, “Emotional Intelligence Scale”, “Social Well-Being Scale” and “Personal Information Form” were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one way ANOVA, correlation and linear regression. Findings of the study revealed that psychological well-being was positively related to emotional intelligence and social well-being. Additionally, psychological well-being was positively predicted by emotional intelligence and social well-being. Emotional intelligence and social well-being levels of female students were found to be significantly higher than those of male students. It was also found that psychological well-being of university students did not differ significantly in gender. Furthermore, psychological well-being, emotional intelligence and social well-being levels of students did not differ significantly in perceived income. It was also found that emotional intelligence and social well-being of students in terms of field of study differed significantly whereas psychological well-being of students did not show any significant difference. Finally, the results indicated that psychological well-being, emotional intelligence and social well-being levels of students did not differ significantly in terms of parental attitude, parental education and academic achievements of students.

Keywords:

Emotional Intelligence, Psychological Well-Being, Social Well-Being,

PDF

___

Akın, A. Demirci, İ., Yildiz, E., Gediksiz, E. & Eroglu, N. (2012, May). The Short form of the Scales of Psychological Well-being (SPWB-42): The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version. International Counseling and Education Conference 2012 (ICEC 2012), May, 3-5, İstanbul, Turkey.
Akın, A., Demirci, İ., Çitemel, N., Sarıçam, H. & Ocakçı, H. (2013, May). Sosyal İyi Olma Ölçeği Türkçe Formu’nun Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği. 5. Ulusal Lisansüstü Eğitim Sempozyumu, Mayıs, 10-11, Sakarya, Türkiye.
Asher, S. R., & Wheeler, V. A. (1985). Children's Loneliness: A Comparison of Rejected and Neglected Peer Status. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53(4), 500. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.53.4.500
Austin, E. J., Saklofske, D. H. & Egan, V. (2005). Personality, Well-being and Health Correlates of Trait Emotional Intelligence. Personality and Individual differences, 38(3), 547-558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.05.009
Austin, E. J., Saklofske, D. H., Huang, S. H., & McKenney, D. (2004). Measurement of trait emotional intelligence: Testing and cross-validating a modified version of Schutte et al.'s (1998) measure. Personality and individual differences, 36(3), 555-562. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00114-4
Blum, H. (1976). Expanding Health Care Horizons. Oakland, California: Third Party Associates.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2008). Facilitating optimal motivation and psychological well-being across life's domains. Canadian psychology/Psychologie canadienne, 49(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.1037/0708-5591.49.1.14
Gohm, C. L., Corser, G. C., & Dalsky, D. J. (2005). Emotional Intelligence under Stress: Useful, Unnecessary, or Irrelevant? Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 1017–1028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.03.018
Guerra-Bustamante, J., León-Del-Barco, B., Yuste-Tosina, R., López-Ramos, V. M., & Mendo-Lázaro, S. (2019). Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Well-Being in Adolescents. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(10), 1720. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16101720
Göçet, E. (2006). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Duygusal Zeka Düzeyleri ile Stresle Başaçıkma Tutumları Arasındaki İlişki. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Sakarya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sakarya.
Kahneman, D., Diener, E., & Schwarz, N. (1999). Foundations of Hedonic Psychology: Scientific Perspectives on Enjoyment and Suffering. Russel Sage Foundation, New York.
Karasar, N. (2003). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi. (12. Basım). Ankara:Nobel Yayıncılık.
Keyes, C. L. M. (1998). Social Well-being. Social Psychology Quarterly, 61, 121-140. https://doi.org/10.2307/2787065
Keyes, C. L. M., Shmotkin, D. & Ryff, C. D. (2002). Optimizing Well-being: The Empirical Encounter of Two Traditions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 1007-1022. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.1007
Lopes, P. N., Brackett, M. A., Nezlek, J. B., Schutz, A., Sellin, I., & Salovey, P. (2004). Emotional Intelligence and Social Interaction. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 1018–1034. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167204264762
Martinez-Pons, M. (1997). The Relation of Emotional Intelligence with Selected Areas of Personal Functioning. Imagination, Cognition & Personality, 17, 3–13. https://doi.org/10.2190/68VD-DFXB-K5AW-PQAY
Matthews, G., Emo, A. K., Funke, G., Zeidner, M., Roberts, R. D., & Costa, P. T. (2006). Emotional Intelligence, Personality, and Task-induced Stress. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 12, 96–107. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-898X.12.2.96
Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is Emotional Intelligence? In P. Salovey ve D. J. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional Development and Emotional Intelligence (s. 3–31). New York: Basic Books.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001). On Happiness and Human Potentials: A Review of Research on Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 141-166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141
Ryff, C. D. & Singer, B. (1998). The Contours of Positive Human Health. Psychological Inquiry, 9, 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0901_1
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is Everything, or Is It? Explorations on the Meaning of Psychological Well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069-1081. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069
Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, cognition and personality, 9(3), 185-211. https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG
Salovey, P., Bedell, B. T., Detweiler, J. B., & Mayer, J. D. (2000). Current Directions in Emotional Intelligence Research. In M. Lewis ve J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of Emotions (2nd ed), s. 504–520. New York: Guilford Press.
Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D. & Caruso, D. (2002). The Positive Psychology of Emotional Intelligence. In C. R. Synder ve S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of Positive Psychology, s. 159–171. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Schröder-Abe, M. & Schütz, A. (2011). Walking in Each Other’s Shoes: Perspective Taking Mediates Effects of Emotional Intelligence on Relationship Quality. European Journal of Personality, 25, 155–169. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.818
Schutte, N. S., Malouff, J. M., Hall, L. E., Haggerty, D. J., Cooper, J. T. & Golden, C. J. (1998). Development and Validation of A Measure of Emotional Intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 25, 167-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00001-4
Schutte, N. S., Malouff, J. M., Simunek, M., McKenley, J., & Hollander, S. (2002). Characteristic Emotional Intelligence and Emotional Well-being. Cognition and Emotion, 16(6), 769-785. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930143000482
Schutte, N. S., Manes, R. R., & Malouff, J. M. (2009). Antecedent-focused Emotion Regulation, Response Modulation and Well-being. Current Psychology, 28(1), 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-009-9044-3
Shulman, T. & Hemenover, S. (2006). Is Dispositional Emotional Intelligence Synonymous with Personality? Self and Identity, 5, 147–171. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860600586206
Sintonen, H. (1981). An Approach to Measuring and Valuing Health States, Social Science & Medicine, 15C, 55-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7995(81)90019-8
Waterman, Alan S. (1993). Two Conceptions of Happiness: Contrasts of Personal Expressiveness (Eudaimonia) and Hedonic Enjoyment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64678-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.64.4.678