HAKAN ÇETİNKAYA, SEDA DURAL ÇETİNKAYA, EVRİM GÜLBETEKİN

Örtük yumurtlama hipotezinin kadında adet döngüsüne bağlı yüzsel simetri değişmeleri kapsamında incelenmesi

Üç deney ile kadında örtük yumurtlama hipotezi test edilmiştir. İlk deneyde, kadında üreme döngüsünün bir işlevi olarak yüz simetrisindeki değişmeler araştırılmıştır. Bulgular, katılımcıların yüz simetrisinde üreme evreleri boyunca bir değişmenin varlığını ortaya koymuştur. Kadın katılımcılardan elde edilen yüz fotoğraflarının çekicilikleri bakımından değerlendirildiği ikinci deneyde, erkek katılımcılar, yumurtlama evresinde çekilen kadın yüz fotoğraflarını en fazla çekici, adet evresinde çekilen fotoğrafları ise, en az çekici olarak değerlendirmiştir. Dolayısıyla, yüz simetrisindeki değişmelerin erkekler tarafından fotoğrafların çekiciliği temelinde ayırt edilebildiği ortaya konmuştur. Üçüncü deneyde, erkek katılımcıların yarısı (aşina koşulu) aynı kadınların farklı yumurtlama evrelerinde çekilen fotoğraflarını çekicilik açısından değerlendirmiş; diğer yarısı (yabancı koşulu) ise, her bir yumurtlama evresinde farklı bir kadından elde edilen yüz fotoğrafının yer aldığı fotoğraf setlerini çekicilikleri açısından değerlendirmiştir. Yabancı erkek koşulundaki erkekler, aşina erkeklerin tersine, sunulan fotoğrafları çekicilik açısından ayırt etmede başarısız olmuştur. Sonuçlar, kadında örtük yumurtlamanın varlığına işaret ederken, bu örtüklüğün kısmi olduğunu, diğer bir deyişle, yumurtlamanın kadında, özellikle aşina erkekler için, tümüyle örtük olmayabileceğine işaret etmiştir. Çalışma bulguları, kadında yumurtlamanın örtük olmasının erkek için doğurduğu probleme bir çözüm olarak, erkeğin, kadının yakınında kalarak üreme başarısını yükseltme işlevine sahip, bir karşıt psikolojik mekanizma geliştirmiş olabileceği görüşü çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.

Testing the concealed ovulation hypothesis in the framework of facial symmetry fluctuations moderated by menstrual cycle in women

With three studies, a long lived position that women have concealed ovulation, and its possible adaptive value were investigated. In the first study, systematic changes in women across the menstural cycle were elaborated and of those, cyclic changes in the facial symmetry in regularly ovulating women were investigated. The findings showed predictable fluctuations on females' facial symmetry throughout their menstural phases. In order to determine whether the differences among the deviation from the symmetry scores of the facial pictures obtained from four menstural phases (namely, menstural, proliferative, ovulatory, and secretory phases) were detectable by males, in the second experiment, males evaluated the facial-menstural pictures for their attractiveness. The male participants rated the pictures obtained from ovulatory phases as the most attractive of all. Also they found the pictures obtained from the menstural phases to be least attractive. In the third study, half of the male participants (familiar males) rated four menstural pictures obtained from the same females, the other half of them (unfamiliar males) rated four menstural pictures, but this time each of which obtained from different females. The males in the latter group were not able to distinguish attractiveness of the facial pictures of different females. The results indicate that although there is some extent of concealment of ovulation in women as an adaptation, it is not completely concealed, especially from the familiar (or pair-bonded) males. Thus, men might have equipped with a counter-adapt, a mental device, through their evolutionary history to cope with the problem of concealment of ovulation in women by staying with her and observing the cyclic changes on her facial attractiveness.

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