Deprem Öncesi, Sırası ve Sonrasında Bir Yüksek Binanın Yapı Sağlığının İzlenmesi

İstanbul gibi depremselliğin yüksek olduğu bölgelerde yüksek binaların deprem sonrasında durumunun belirlenmesi gereklidir. Günümüzde deprem sonrası hasar tespiti genellikle görsel değerlendirmeler ile yapılır. Ancak yapıların durumunun hızlı, uzaktan ve güvenilir şekilde belirlenmesi hem ekonomik hem de toplum güvenliği açısından önemlidir. Yapı Sağlığı İzleme (YSİ) sayesinde binaların mevcut durumları, dinamik özelliklerindeki değişimler, göreli kat ötelemeleri ve dalga yayılım hızı kontrol edilerek hızlı, uzaktan ve objektif bir şekilde yapılabilir. Bu sebeplerden dolayı YSİ’nin, Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği uyarınca yüksek binalarda uygulanması zorunlu hale getirilmiştir. UDAP kapsamında ikinci yazarın yürütücülüğünde gerçekleştirilen proje kapsamında yüksek binalarda YSİ yönergesi hazırlanmış, örnek bina kurulumu gerçekleştirilmiş ve yazılım geliştirilmiştir. Bu yazılım veriyi düzenli olarak alıp otomatik olarak analiz edebilme yeteneğindedir. Geliştirilen yazılım İstanbul’daki üç yüksek binada 26 Eylül 2019 tarihinde gerçekleşen 5.7 büyüklüğündeki deprem sırasında kullanılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yapı Sağlığı İzleme, Yüksek Binalar, Dinamik Özellikler, Durum Değerlendirme, Yazılım Geliştirme

Structural Health Monitoring of a Tall Building Before, During and After Earthquake

In seismically prone areas, such as Istanbul, it is important to assess the condition of tall buildings after an earthquake. In the current state-of-the-practice, condition assessment is conducted by visual inspection; however, inspecting buildings in a rapid, remote and objective fashion is vital due to economic and public safety reasons. On the other hand, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems can help us to assess current condition of buildings in rapid, remote and objective fashion by tracking changes in dynamic properties of structure, interstory drift ratios and wave propagation speed/time. SHM systems are mandatory to be installed on tall buildings per current Turkish Earthquake Code because of motivations mentioned above. Within the framework of the UDAP project supervised by the second author, SHM guideline was prepared for tall buildings, SHM system was installed on a tall building and a new software was developed. This software is able to gather data remotely and analyse data automatically. Furthermore, the software was used during the 5.7 magnitude earthquake on September 26, 2019 on three high-rise buildings in Istanbul.

Keywords:

Structural Health Monitoring, Tall Buildings, Dynamic Properties, Condition Assessment, Software Development,

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