Yeni Araştırmalar Işığında Sardis'te Lidya Sarayları

Lidya krallarının, özellikle de Kral Kroisos’un sarayı geçmişte çok ünlüydü; dolayısıyla yeri ziyaretçiler ve arkeologlar tarafından yüzyıllar boyunca araştırılmıştır. Lidya Dönemi Sardisi’nin merkezindeki güncel kazılar, Akropol ve aşağı şehir arasında orta kademeli bir bölgeyi saray kompleksinin oturduğu mevki olarak tanımlamamızı sağlamıştır. Bu mevkinin sarp yerbetimi iki bin yılı aşkın süre boyunca anıtsal teras yapılarıyla düzenlenmiş ve genişletilmiştir. Terasların üzerindeki binalar sistemli olarak yerlerinden sökülüp talan edilmiş durumda olsalar bile, geriye kalan seçkin mimari ve küçük buluntular bize bu yapılar hakkında fikir vermektedir. Yeni buluntular Sardis’in Persler tarafından yağmalandığı MÖ 547 yılına aittir ve aralarında insan kalıntıları ile gümüş Lidya sikkelerinden oluşan bir define de bulunmaktadır. İkinci bir saray alanı ise Akropolde tanımlanmıştır. Bu alanın aşağı saraya bir tünelle bağlanmış olması muhtemeldir. Aşağı saray bölgesi, Erken Demir Çağ ve Tunç Çağ yapılarını da içeren uzun soluklu anıtsal iskan tarihini açığa çıkarmıştır, ancak bu erken tabakalar aşağı şehirde henüz keşfedilmeyi beklemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Lydia, Sardis, Palace, Early Iron Age

The Lydian Palaces at Sardis in the Light of New Research

The palace of the Lydian kings, and in particular the palace of Croesus, was famous in antiquity, and has been sought by visitors and archaeologists for centuries. Recent excavation in the center of Lydian Sardis allows us to identify a region intermediate between the Acropolis and the lower city as the site of one palatial complex. The steep topography was regularized and expanded through monumental terraces over a period of more than two millennia. Elite architecture and finds give us an impression of the buildings on these terraces in the Lydian period, although systematic salvage and looting have removed most structures. Recent finds include the remains of the Persian sack of Sardis in 547, including human remains and a hoard of Lydian silver coins. A second palatial complex was identified on the Acropolis, perhaps linked to the lower palace through a tunnel. The area of the lower palace has produced a long sequence of monumental occupation, including Early Iron Age and Bronze Age buildings, the earliest occupation remains yet discovered at the city.

Keywords:

Lydia, Sardis, Palace, Early Iron Age,

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