Zehra SEYFİKLİ, Uğur DAL, İbrahim AKKURT, Tamer Ömer DOĞAN, Levent Sefa ÖZŞAHİN

Sürücülerde uyku ile ilgili hastalıkların prevalansı ve trafik kazaları ile ilişkisi

Günümüzde iş ve trafik kazalarının birçoğunun uyku ile ilgili hastalıklar (UİH) nedeniyle olduğu ileri sürülmektedir. UİH’in tanısında polisomnografi (PSG) altın standarttır. Ancak büyük popülasyonlarda UİH prevalansının araştırılmasında A tipi çalışmalar da fikir verebilir. Bu çalışmada Sivas’ta yaşayan profesyonel sürücülerde anket yoluyla UİH prevalansı ve trafik kazalarıyla ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla şehrimizde bulunan tüm şehir içi ve şehirler arası araba kullanan sürücülere ulaşılarak demografik bilgileri, araba kullanma şekli, süreleri, trafik kazası durumları ve UİH ile ilgili 50 sorudan oluşan bir anketin yüz yüze görüşmeyle uygulanması hedeflenmiştir. Ulaşılabilen sürücülerin (n= 340) yaş aralığı 21-68 yıl olmak üzere yaş ortalaması 39.5 ± 9.3 yıldı. Çalışmaya alınan sürücüler, %52.1’i şehir içi, %47.9’u şehirler arası yollarda olmak üzere ortalama 13.3 ± 7.9 yıldır araba kullanmaktaydı. Olguların %36.3’ü trafik kazası geçirmişti. Çalışmaya alınan olgularda habitüel horlama, insomnia, uyku apnesi ve noktürnal miyoklonus sıklığı sırasıyla %41.2, %39.1, %32.9 ve %33.6 olarak saptandı. Şehir içi ve şehirler arası araba kullananların uyku skorları ile kaza sayıları arasında fark saptanmadı (p> 0.05). Habitüel horlaması olanlarda trafik kazası Odds oranı 1.619 olarak saptandı (%95 GA, 1.034-2.536, p= 0.02). Sonuçta habitüel horlaması olan sürücülerde trafik kazası sıklığının fazla olduğu söylenebilir. Ülkemizdeki trafik kazaları sıklığını azaltmak için en azından ehliyet alınması aşamasında semptom tanımlayanlarda PSG incelemenin uygun olacağı kanaatindeyiz.

The prevalence of sleep related disorders among the drivers and it’s relation with traffic accidents

Studies consistently show that patients with sleep related diseases (SRD) have higher accident rates. Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of SRD. Sleep habits questionnaires are also useful tool for research of the prevalence of SRD on large populations. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of SRD and SRD related traffic accidents on the whole population of professional drivers in Sivas city. A questionnaire that includes questions about drivers’ background such as how long they have been driving, if they had any accidents, and if they drive just in Sivas city or inter state. This questionnaire composed of 50 questions about SRD and was asked to drivers answer them face to face. Three hundred forty male drivers participated for this study. Their mean age was 39.5 ± 9.3 (21-68) years. The mean driving duration was 13.3 ± 7.9 years. The percentage of drivers who drove in Sivas was 52.1% and 47.9% of the drivers drove inter state. The percentage of drivers who had at least one accident was 36.3%. The prevalence of habitual snoring, insomnia, sleep apnea, nocturnal myoklonus were 41.2%, 39.1%, 32.9%, and 33.6% respectively. The traffic accident Odds ratio was 1.619 for drivers with habitual snoring (95% CI, 1.034 to 2.536, p= 0.02). In conclusion, this study found out that drivers with habituel snoring seems to have tendency (approximately 2-folds) of involving in traffic accidents than drivers who do not have habituel snoring. Polysomnography of candidate drivers with sleep disordered symptoms has to be logical before giving to driving license.

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