Haluk C. ÇALIŞIR, Nadi BAKIRCI, Gülgün ÇETİNTAŞ, Aylin BABALIK, Şule KIZILTAŞ, Korkmaz ORUC, Sinem ALTUNBEY

Occupation and tuberculosis: a descriptive study in Turkish patients with tuberculosis

Giriş: Bu çalışma, Türkiyede tüberküloz hastalarının mesleğe göre dağılımını incelemek amacıyla tasarlanmıştır. Hastalar ve Metod: Bu retrospektif tanımlayıcı çalışmaya, bakteriyolojik ve histopatolojik olarak kanıtlanmış tüberkülozu olup, tüberküloz tedavisi almakta olan toplam 757 hasta dahil edildi. 2004-2007 yılları arasında SB Süreyyapaşa Göğüs Hastalıkları ve Göğüs Cerrahisi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesine başvuran hastaların kayıtları, hastaların demografik özellikleri ve meslekleri açısından incelendi. Meslekler Uluslararası Standart Meslek Sınıflandırması [International Standardization Classification Occupation (ISCO-88)] listesine uygun şekilde 10 grupta toplandı. Bulgular: Çalışma popülasyonunun %67si erkek, ortalama yaş (SS) 41.3 (16.4) yıl idi. Sırasıyla hastaların %81 ve %19u rekürren ve yeni tanı tüberküloz hastaları idi. En sık karşılaşılan meslek grupları; sanatkarlar ve ilgili işlerde çalışanlar (%32), tesis ve makine operatörleri ve montajcılar (%10), alt gruplar ise tekstil ve giyim eşyası ile ilgili işlerde çalışanlar (%12.9), araba, kamyonet ve motosiklet sürücüleri (%5.8) idi. En popüler alt gruplar arasında en genç olanı, 29.5 (11.1) yıl ortalama yaş (SS) ile tekstil ve giyim eşyasıyla ilgili işlerde çalışanlar iken, madencilik ve inşaat sektörlerinde nitelik gerektirmeyen işlerde çalışanlar en yaşlı alt gruptu [ortalama yaş (SS) 63.9 (7.9) yıl]. Tüm meslek gruplarında, erkeklerin oranı kadınlardan daha fazlaydı. Kadın hastalar arasında en sık görülen meslek alt grubu tekstil ve giyim eşyasıyla ilgili işlerde çalışanlar iken, madencilik ve inşaat sektörlerinde nitelik gerektirmeyen işlerde çalışanlar, araba, kamyonet ve motosiklet sürücüleri, inşaatı tamamlayıcı işler ve benzer işlerde çalışan sanatkarlar tamamen erkeklerden oluşmuştu. Tüm meslek alt grupları da yeni tanı almış hasta sayısı rekürren hastalardan anlamlı derecede fazla idi. Sonuç: Özellikle tekstil endüstrisinde, iş ortamlarının koşullarının iyileştirilmesinin, yani uygun havalandırma, uygun ya- şam alanları ve çalışanların rutin sağlık kontrollerinin sağlanmasıyla daha sağlıklı koşullar oluşturulmasının hayati öneme sahip olduğu görülmektedir.

Tüberküloz ve meslek: Tüberkülozlu hastalarda tanımlayıcı çalışma

Introduction: The present study was designed to determine the distribution of tuberculosis patients according to their occupations in Turkey. Patients and Methods: A total of 757 patients with bacteriologically and histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of tuberculosis and under the tuberculosis treatment were included in this retrospective descriptive study. Medical records of patients admitted to the Ministry of Health Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital between the years of 2004 and 2007 were evaluated in terms of patient demographics and the occupations. Occupations were classified into 10 groups according to the International Standardization Classification Occupation (ISCO-88). Results: Males composed 67% of the overall population [mean age (SD) was 41.3 (16.4) years]. Recurrent and newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients composed 81 and 19% of the patients, respectively. The most frequently identified major occupational groups were; craft and related workers (32%), plant and machine operators and assembler (10%), followed by the subgroups of textile, garment and related trades workers (12.9%), motor vehicle drivers (5.8%). The youngest subgroup among the most popular subgroups with a mean age (SD) of 29.5 (11.1) years, was textile, garment and related trades workers while the subgroup of mining and construction laborers was the oldest with a mean age (SD) of 63.9 (7.9) years. In all occupational subgroups, the frequency of males was higher than females. In female patients, the most frequently identified subgroup was, textile, garment and related trades workers while, mining and construction laborers, motor vehicle drives, building frame and related trades workers were composed solely of males. The frequency of newly diagnosed patients was significantly higher than former tuberculosis patients in the occupational subgroups. Conclusion: It seems crucial to improve conditions of workplaces with arrangements enabling healthier environment such as adequate ventilation, appropriate living space as well as routine health controls of employees especially for the textile industry.

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