Oluwole C OMOLASE, Dantonjo E AGBORUBERE, Mukaila A SEİDU, Bukola O OMOLASE

Job Stressors and Coping Strategies amongst Nigerian Ophthalmologists: an Exploratory Study

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmada Nijeryalı göz uzmanları arasında mesleki stresörler ve başetme stratejilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. YÖNTEM: Bu tanımlayıcı kesitsel çalışma Nijerya Göz Hastalıkları Derneğinin Güneybatı Nijerya'daki Obafemi Awolowo Universitesindeki (Ile-Ife, Osun State) yıllık kongresi sırasında 1418 Eylül 2008 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Kongreye katılan 208 göz uzmanından basit rastgele örnekleme ile seçilen 80 göz uzmanı arasında yürütülmüştür. Katılımcılarla yazar ve iki yardımcı tarafından yapılandırılmış soru formu kullanılarak görüşme yapılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 12.0.1 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. BULGULAR: Katılımcıların 34(%42,5)'ü erkek, 46 (%57,5)'sı kadındı. Katılımcıların 48 (%60)'i danışman (consultant) doctor, 4 (%5)'ü uzman (diplomate) doctor, 28 (%35)'i ise uzmanlık öğrencisi idi. Stres kaynakları, boş zamanın olmaması (%73,75), aşırı iş yükü (%68,75) ve parasal sıkıntı (%68,75) idi. Başetme stratejileri ise dini inanç telkini (%95,00), stress gerçeğinin kabullenilmesi (%88,75) ve mizah (%88,75) idi. SONUÇ: En yüksek stres kaynağı boş zamanın olmamasıydı ve aşırı iş yükü ile parasal sıkıntı bunu takip ediyordu. Çou katılımcı stresle başetmek için dini inançtan telkin alıyordu. Hastane içerisinde rekreasyon alanlarının oluşturulması ve doktorların refah paketinin iyileştirilmesine ihtiyaç vardır

Nijeryalı Göz Uzmanları Arasında Mesleki Stresörler ve Başetme Stratejileri: Bir Keşif Çalışması

AIM: This study aimed at determining the job stressors and coping strategies among Nigerian Ophthalmologists.METHOD: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted during the annual congress and scientific conference of the Ophthalmological Society of Nigeria which took place at Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, South-Western Nigeria between 14thand 18th September,2008. Eighty Nigerian ophthalmologists out of the two hundred and eight that attended the conference were selected by simple random sampling and interviewed by the author for correspondence and two assistants with the aid of structured questionnaire. The data obtained was analyzed with SPSS 12.0.1.RESULTS: There were 34 males (42.5%) and 46 females (57.5%).The respondents comprised of 48 (60%) Consultants, 4 (5%) Diplomates and 28 (35%) Resident Doctors. Sources of stress included no time for leisure (73.75%), overwork (68.75%) and financial constraint (68.75%).The coping strategies were inspiration from religious belief (95%),acceptance of the reality of stress (88.75%) and humour (88.75%).CONCLUSION: The leading job stressor was no time for leisure followed by overwork and financial constraint. Most respondents drew inspiration from religious belief to cope with stress. There is need for creation of recreational facilities in the hospitals and improvement in the welfare package of medical practitioners.

PDF

___

1.Familoni OB. An overview of stress in medical practice. Afr Health Sci 2008; 8(1):6-7.
2.Hsu K, Marshall V. Prevalence of depression and distress in a large sample of Canadian residents, interns and fellows. Am J Psychiatry 1987; 144: 1561-6.
3.Daugherty SR, Badwin DC Jr, Rowley BD. Learning, satisfaction and mistreatment during medical internship: a national survey of working conditions. JAMA 1998; 279:1194-7.
4.Stebbing J. Stress in health professional.J R Soc Med 2000; 93: 208-10.
5.Newbury-Birch D, Kamali F. Psychological stress, anxiety, depression, job satisfaction and personal characteristics in pre registration house officers. Post grad Med J 20001; 77:109-11.
6.British Medical Association. Work related stress and senior doctors-review of research. London: BMA;2000.
7.British Medical Association. The morbidity and mortality of the medical profession-A literature review and suggestions for future research. London: BMA;1993.
8.Evans W, Kelly B. Pre-registration diploma student nurse stress and coping measures. Nurse Education Today 2004; 24(6):473-482.
9.Sutherland VJ, Cooper CL. Identifying distress among general practitioners: predictors of psychological ill-health and job dissatisfaction. Soc Sci Med 1993;37:575-81.
10.Deary IJ, Blenkin H, Agius RM et al. Models of job-related stress and personal achievement among consultant doctors.Br J Psychol 1996; 87:3-29.
11.Agius RM, Blenkin H, Deary IJ et al. Survey of perceived stress and work demands of consultant doctors. Occup Environ Med 1996; 53:217-24.
12.Newbury -Birch D, Lowry RJ, Kamali F. The changing patterns of drinking, illicit drug use, stress,anxiety and depression in dental students in a UK Dental school: a longitudinal study.Br Dent J 2002;192:646-9.
13.Lindo JLM, McCaw-Binns A, LaGrenade J, Jackson M and Eldemire-Shearer D. Mental well-being of doctors and nurses in two hospitals in Kingston,Jamaica West Indian Med J 2006;55(3).
14.Weinberg A, Creed F. Stress and psychiatric disorder in health care professionals and hospital staff. Lancet 2000; 355:533-7.
15.Felton JS. Burnout as a clinical entity -its importance in health care workers. Occup Med (Lond) 1998; 48:227-50.
16.SeyedFatemi N, Tafreshi M and Hagani H. Experienced stressors and coping strategies among Iranian nursing students.BMC Nursing 2007; 6-11.
17.Shields W. Stress, active coping and academic performance among persisting and non persisting students. Journal of Applied Behavioural Research2001; 6(2):65-81.
18.Robin WL.A comparison of perceived stress levels and coping styles of junior and senior students in nursing and social work programs. In Doctor of Education Dissertation. College of Graduate studies, Marshall University; 2002.
19.Kariv D, Heiman T. Task -oriented versus emotion-oriented coping strategies: the case of college students. College Student Journal 2005; 39(1):72-84.
20.Spickard A Jr, Gabbe SO, Christensen JF. Mid-career burnout in generalize and specialist physicians. JAMA 2002;288:1147-50.
21.Chams H,Mohammadi SF,Moayyeri A.Frequency and assortment of self-reported occupational complaints among Iranian Ophthalmologists:A preliminary survey.MedGenMed2004;6(4):1.
22.De Voe J,Fryer GE Jr,Hargraves JL,Phillips RL,Green LA.Does career dissatisfaction affect the ability of family physicians to deliver high quality patient care?J Fam Pract 2002;51:223-8.
23.Visser MRM,Smets EMA,Oort FJ,de Haes HCJJ.Stress,satisfaction and burn out among Dutch medical specialists.CMAJ 2003;168:223-8.
24.JenkinsR, Rose J, Lovell C. Physiological well being of staff working with people who have challenging behaviour. J Intellect Disabil Res 1997; 41:502-511.
25.Soleiman A, Tahereh C, Italo M and Mata B. Organizational role stress among medical faculty members in Iran: dealing with role conflict. BMC Med Educ 2007; 7:14.
26.Naiemeh S, Maryam T, Hamid H. Experienced stressors and coping strategies among Iranian nursing students. BMC Nursing 2007; 6:11.
27.Bellan L,Buske L.Ophthalmology human resource projections.Are we heading for a crisis in the next 15years?Can J Ophthalmol 2007;42:34-8.
28.Viviers S,Lachance L,Maranda MF,Menard C.Burnout, psychological distress and overwork:the case of Quebec's Ophthalmologists.Can J Ophthalmol 2008;43:535-46.
29.Chaudhury S and Banerjee A. Correlates of job satisfaction in medical officers. MJAFI 2004; 60: 329-332.
30.Halton C, Emerson E, Rivers M et al. Factors associated with staff stress and work satisfaction in services for people with intellectual disability. J Intelket Diso M Res1999; 43:253-267.
31.Tummers GER, Landeweerd JA, Van Merode GG. Work organization, work characteristics and their physiological effects on nurses in the Netherlands. Int J Stress Manage 2002; 9:163-182.
32.Bradley JR, Cartwright S. Social support, job stress, health and job satisfaction amongnurses in the United Kingdom .Int J Stress Manage2002; 9: 163-182.
33.Ross RR, Altmaier EM,Russell DW. Job stress, social support and burn out among counseling centre staff. J Counseling Psychol 1989;36:464-470.
34.Fry SA. The effects of social support or work stress and burn out. Master thesis August 1988.
35.Maslach C and Jackson SE. Burn out in health professions: a social psychological analysis. In Sanders GS and Suls J(Eds). Social psychology of health and illness 3rdedition Hills dale NJ Lawrence Erlbaum1982: 227-251.