Saima NAZİR, Kanu GOEL, Anshu MİTTAL, Jagjeet SİNGH, RKD GOEL, Arshad RASHİD

Beş yaş altı çocuklarda ebeveynin uyguladığı self medikasyon: Bir gözlemsel kesitsel çalışma

AMAÇ: Self medikasyon gelişmekte olan ülkelerde önemli bir problemdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı beş yaş altı çocuklarda ebeveynin ilaç kullanımını araştırmak ve self medikasyonu etkileyen faktörleri anlamaktır. YÖNTEM: Bu kesitsel çalışma Temmuz-Ekim 2012 Hindistan'da kırsal bölgedeki bir tıp okulunun pratik çalışma bölgesinde yürütülmüştür. 717 katılımcı çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Çalışma populasyonu 3-60 ay arası çocukları kapsamaktadır. Veriler ön denemesi yapılmış soru formu ile toplanmıştır. BULGULAR: Self medikasyon sıklığı %57,0 olarak bulunmuştur. Anne ve baba arasında self medikasyon uygulama açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p < 0.05). Kırsal nüfusta anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek self medikasyon eğilimi vardır (p < 0.05). En yüksek sıklık lise eğitimi almış olanlarda ve aylık geliri 5.000 Hindistan Rupisinden düşük olanlardadır (p < 0.05). En sık kullanılan ilaç grubu antibiyotikler olup dekonjestanlar takip etmektedir. En önemli neden olarak parsal sıkıntı gösterilmiştir. Self medikasyon kullanılan en sık semptom grubu soğuk algınlığıdır. SONUÇLAR: Bu çalışma 5 yaş altı çocuklarda self medikasyon sorununu ortaya koymaktadır. Toplumun geneli ve özelde de ilaç dağıtıcıları için zorunlu eğitimsel önlemlere olan ihtiyaç vardır.

[Parent induced self-medication among under five children:an observational cross sectional study]

AIM: Self-medication is a common problem seen in developing countries. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of parents' use of drugs among children under 5 years of age, and to understand factors influencing self-medication. METHODS: This was an observational cross sectional study conducted in the field practice area of a rural medical college in India over a period of four months from June 2012 to October 2012 and involved 717 respondents. The study population included children from 3-60 months. Data was collected using a pretested questionnaire from any of the parents. RESULTS: The prevalence of self-medication was found out to be 57.04%. There was a statistically significant difference in the practices of self-medication between fathers and mothers (p < 0.05). Rural population had a higher tendency towards self-medication (p < 0.05). Highest prevalence was seen in high school educated respondents (p < 0.05) and in those with monthly income < 5,000 Indian National Rupee (INR) (p < 0.05). Antibiotics were the commonest drugs to be abused and were followed by decongestants. Monetary constraints were cited as the most frequent reason for self-medication. The commonest symptom complex for which self-medication was used was common cold. CONCLUSION: This study identifies the problem of self-medication in the under-five children and highlights the need for urgent educational measures for general public and drug dispensers in particular, to improve their knowledge and practices related to self-treatment of minor ailments.

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