19. YÜZYILDA CHOSON KRALLIĞI’NIN YÖNETİM ANLAYIŞINDA MEYDANA GELEN DEĞİŞİM VE DIŞ İLİŞKİLERİN BAŞLANGICI

Choson Krallığı kuruluşundan itibaren yönetim sisteminde Neo-Konfüçyanist ideolojiyi benimsemiştir. Bu kapsamda dış ilişkilerini Çin ve Japonya ile sınırlı bir şekilde tutmuş, diğer devletlerle ilişkiler kurmaktan kaçınarak kendisini izole hale getirmiştir. Ancak 19. yüzyılda Amerika ve Avrupalı devletler dini, siyasi, ekonomik gibi birbirinden farklı amaçlarla Asya’ya yönelmişlerdir. Çin ve Japonya’nın antlaşmalar imzalayarak Batılı devletlerle ilişkiler kurmalarının ardından Choson’un izolasyon politikasında değişim başlamıştır. Kore Yarımadası’na Hristiyanlık dini ve Batılı düşüncelerin girmesi bu değişimi tetiklemiştir. Bu unsurların yarımadaya girişinin yarattığı iç problemleri fırsat bilen Batılı ülkeler Choson Krallığı ile antlaşmalar imzalamak için çeşitli denemelerde bulunmuşlardır. Batılı devletlerin antlaşma isteklerini reddeden Choson’u uluslararası platforma sokan ülke ise 1876 yılında imzaladığı Kanghwa Antlaşması ile Japonya olmuştur.

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