Kronik Hastalığa Sahip Bireylerin Covıd-19 Salgını Sürecine İlişkin Algıları ve Deneyimleri: Nitel Bir Araştırma

Bu araştırmada; kronik hastalığa sahip bireylerin COVID-19 salgını sürecine ilişkin algılarının ve deneyimlerinin derinlemesine bir ele alış ile sosyal hizmet perspektifinden incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Fenomenolojik yaklaşımın tercih edildiği çalışmada amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme ve kartopu örnekleme kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu kronik hastalığa sahip olan ve pandemi sürecini deneyimleyen 13 katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubu ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniğine bağlı kalınarak online platformda görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde NVivo 12 programı kullanılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda kronik hastalığa sahip bireylerin pandemi algıları, pandeminin getirdiği değişimler ve öneriler temaları ortaya konmuştur. Araştırma sonuçları kronik hastalığa sahip bireylerin Covid-19 pandemisine ilişkin algılarının genel itibariyle olumsuz olduğunu ve pandemi sürecinde karamsarlığa kapıldıklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Sağlık hizmetlerine erişim problemleri, ilaç temini noktasında yaşanan zorluklar, rutin sağlık kontrollerinde meydana gelen aksaklıklar kronik hastalığa sahip bireyler açısından önemli sağlık problemlerinin başında gelmektedir. Kronik hastalığa sahip bireylerin sosyal yaşamlarında ve çalışma hayatlarında da olumsuz seyir gösteren bir sürecin yaşandığı görülmekte ve bu noktada kronik hastalığa sahip bireyler yaşamış oldukları tüm bu sorunlar ile ilgili olarak devlet eliyle sağlanacak sosyal yardımların ve gerçekleştirilecek düzenlemelerin önemine vurgu yapmaktadırlar.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Covid-19, kronik hastalık, kronik hastalığa sahip birey, sosyal hizmet

The Perceptions and Experiences of The Individuals with Chronic Diseases Related to COVID-19 Pandemic Period: A Qualititative Study

In this study it is aimed to be examined the perceptions and experiences of the individuals with chronic diseases by handling depth from the social works perceptions. In this study has been preferred among the purposing sampling methods the criterion and the snowball sampling have been preferred and and the phenomenological approach have been used. The working group of this study constitutes 13 participants with chronic diseases experiencing pandemic period. The interviews was carried out on online platforms by holding to semi-structured interview technique. While analysing obtained data NVivo 12 program have been used. In the results of the carried out analyzes of the pandemic perceptions of the individuals with chronic diseases and the changes brought about by the pandemic and subjects of the suggestions have been produced. The results of the researches has put forth that the perceptions of the individuals with chronic diseases have generally negative about the Covid-19 pandemic and they got depressed during the pandemic. The problems like reaching health services, the difficulties supplying medicine, the glitches about routine health controls are leading health problems. Individuals with chronic diseases have a negative period in their social and work lived, and at this point they emphasized the importance of the social helps and the regulations by the states about all of the problems they experienced.

Keywords:

Covid-19, chronic diseases, the individuals with chronic diseases, social work,

PDF

___

Akalu, Y., Ayelign, B. ve Molla, M. D. (2020). Knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 among chronic disease patients at Addis Zemen Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Infection and Drug Resistance, 13, 1949-1960.
Anner, M. S. (2020). Abandoned? The impact of Covid-19 on workers and businesses at the bottom of global garment supply chains. PennState Center for Global Workers’ Rights (CGWR). Erişim Tarihi: 13.06.2021 https://www.workersrights.org/research-report/abandoned-the-impact-of-covid-19-on-workers-and-businesses-at-the-bottom-of-global-garment-supply-chains/
Cantekin, Ö. F. ve Arpacı, F. (2020). Covid-19 pandemisi ve sosyal hizmet. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 13(73), 1138-1146.
Cheng, V. C. C., Lau, S. K. P., Woo, P. C. Y. ve Yuen, K. Y. (2007). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 20(4): 660-694.
Chudasama, Y. V., Gillies, C. L., Zaccardi, F., Coles, B., Davies, M. J., Seidu, S. ve Khunti, K. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on routine care for chronic diseases: A global survey of views from healthcare professionals. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 14(5), 965–967.
Davies, N., Kucharski, A., Eggo, R., Gimma, A., Edmunds, W., Jombart, T. vd. (2020). Effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 cases, deaths, and demand for hospital services in the UK: a modelling study. The Lancet Public Health, 5(7), e375-e385.
Giuntella, O., Hyde, K., Saccardo, S. ve Sadoff, S. (2021). Lifestyle and mental health disruptions during COVID-19. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,118(9), 1-9.
Gopalan, H. ve Misra, A. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic and challenges for socio-economic issues, healthcare and national health programs in India. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 14(5), 757-759.
İçişleri Bakanlığı. (2020). 65 Yaş ve Üstü ile Kronik Rahatsızlığı Olanlara Sokağa Çıkma Yasağı Genelgesi (21 Mart 2020). Erişim Tarihi: 06.01.2021 https://www.icisleri.gov.tr/65-yas-veustu-ile-kronik-rahatsizligi-olanlara-sokaga-cikmayasagi-genelgesi
Karasneh, R., Al-Azzam, S., Muflih, S., Soudah, O., Hawamdeh, S. ve Khader, Y. (2021). Media's effect on shaping knowledge, awareness risk perceptions and communication practices of pandemic COVID-19 among pharmacists. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 17(1), 1897-1902.
Krysik, J. L., & Finn, J. (2010). Research for effective social work practice (New Directions in Social Work). United Kingdom: Routledge.
Kubat Bakır, G. ve Akın, S. (2019). Yaşlılıkta Kronik Hastalıkların Yönetimi ile İlişkili Faktörler. Sağlık ve Toplum, 29(2), 17-25.
Norman, R. A., ve Ruescher, L. (2009). 100 Questions & Answers About Chronic Illness. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Patton, M. Q. (2001). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods (3. Baskı). United Kingdom: SAGE Publications.
Royer, A. (1998). Life with chronic illness: Social and psychological dimensions. Praeger.
Sandalcı, B., Uyaroğlu, O. A. ve Güven, G. S. (2020). COVID-19’da Kronik Hastalıkların Rolü, Önemi ve Öneriler. Flora, 25(5), 1-7.
Saqib M., Siddiqui, S., Qasim, M., Jamil, M. A., Rafique, I., Awan, U. A., Ahmad, H. ve Afzal, M. S. (2020). Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on patients with chronic diseases. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 14(6), 1621-1623.
Shang Y., Li, H. ve Zhang, R. (2021). Effects of pandemic outbreak on economies: evidence from business history context. Frontiers in Public Health, 9,632043, 1-12.
Singh, K., Kondal, D., Mohan, S. vd. (2021). Health, psychosocial, and economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with chronic conditions in India: a mixed methods study. BMC Public Health, 21(685),1-15.
Sosyal Hizmetler Kanunu. (1983, 27 Mayıs). Resmi Gazete (Sayı: 18059). Erişim Tarihi: 06.01.2021 https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18059.pdf
Stainsby, B., Howitt, S. ve Porr, J. (2011). Neuromusculoskeletal disorders following SARS: a case series. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 55(1), 32-39.
Tiirinki, H., Tynkkynen, L. K., Sovala, M., Atkins, S., Koivusalo, M., Rautiainen, P., vd. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic in Finland- preliminary analysis on health system response and economic consequences. Health Policy and Technology, 9(4),649–662.
Tran, V. T., Ravaud, P. (2020). COVID-19– related perceptions, context and attitudes of adults with chronic conditions: Results from a crosssectional survey nested in the ComPaRe e-cohort. Plose One, 15(8), e0237296, 1-13.
Wolf, M. S., Serper, M., Opsasnick, L., O'Conor, R. M., Curtis, L. M., Benavente, J. Y, vd. (2020). Awareness, attitudes, and actions related to COVID-19 among adults with chronic conditions at the Onset of the U.S. Outbreak: A cross-sectional survey. Annals of Internal Medicine, 173 (2),100-110.
World Health Organization. (2020a). Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) situation report -1 (website) Erişim Tarihi: 06.01.2021 https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4 21
World Health Organization. (2020b). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): situation report, 51. Erişim Tarihi: 13.06.2021 https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/331475
World Health Organization. (2020c). Information note on COVID-19 and noncommunicable diseases. Erişim Tarihi: 13.06.2021 https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/covid-19-and-ncds.
Yanardağ, U. ve Selçuk, O (2020). COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde sosyal hizmet. Türkiye Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 1-2.
Yavuz, K. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on future of social policy. The Journal of Social Sciences, 45(45): 181-193.
Zhong, B., Luo, W., Li, H., Zhang, Q., Liu, X., Li, W. vd. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 16(10), 1745-1752.