The text below was a paper submitted to an international conference at Lausenne University (Switzerland) on "One Democratic State in Israel/ Palestine." The theme of the conference and my paper were both responses to the painful failure of the ill-fated Partition resolution of the U.N. General Assembly, some six decades ago. The recommendation itself being largely the product of election strains in the domestic politics of the United States, the leading victorious power after the war, it was scrutinized then by a number of leading intellectuals, including some prominent Jews. Past experience in the historic land having brought bloodshed, mass exodus and wars, today's circumstances urged many more thinkers and writers to accentuate the need for a single state, in one form or another, that will embrace all those living in the whole Palestine. As the paper underlines, such coexistence was a reality during the Ottoman centuries. Although many sorrowful events accumulated since then, it is an alternative, realizable either by the conciliation of the majorities on both sides, or through a democratic process to be based on the votes of the Palestinian Arabs, whether Muslims or Christians, who will constitute the majority in some future date on that land.