Control of Verticillium Wilt of Olive by Soil Solarization in Aegean Region

Control of Verticillium Wilt of Olive by Soil Solarization in Aegean Region

A soil solarization experiment was carried out in a seven years old commercial olive orchard naturally infected with Verticillium dahliae in western Anatolia. Solarization was applied to individual trees for either one or two successive years. The maximum temperature was recorded in solarized soil were 42.9 and 44.4 ºC in the first and second year’s application respectively. Solarization slightly reduced the mean severity of wilting in both years without a statistical significance between treated and control trees. In one-year solarization, the percentage of recovery exceeded the natural recovery in control trees while double-solarization couldn’t supply a significant additive effect in improving the health of olive trees.

___

  • Ashworth, L.J. and S.A. Goana, 1982. Evaluation of clear polyethylene mulch for controlling Verticillium wilt in established pistachio nut groves. Phytopathology 2: 243-246.
  • Blanco-Lopez, M.A., R.M. Jimenez-Diaz and J.M. Caballero, 1984. Symptomatology, incidence and distribution of Verticillium wilt of olive trees in Andulucia. Phytopathol Mediterr. 23: 1-8.
  • Bourbos, V.A. and M.T. Skoudridakis, 1996. Soil solarization for the control of Verticillium wilt of greenhouse tomato. Phytoparasitica 4: 277-280.
  • Cirulli, M., 1981. Attuali cognizioni sulla Verticilliosi dell’olivio. Informatore Fitopatol 2: 101-105.
  • Harris, D.C., 1998. An introduction to Verticillium wilts. In: A Compendium of Verticillium Wilts In Tree Species. (Eds.: J.A. Hiemstra and D.C Harris,), Ponsen & Loojen, Wageningen, Netherlands, pp. 1-4.
  • Himenez-Diaz, R.M., M. Cirulli, G. Bubici, M. del Mar Jimenez-Gasco, P.P. Antoniou and E. Tjamos, 2012. Verticillium wilt, a major threat to olive production: Current status and future prospects for its management. Plant Disease 96(3): 304-329.
  • Katan, J., 1980. Solar pasteurization of soil for disease control: status and prospects. Plant Dis. 64: 450-454.
  • Katan, J., 1981. Solar heating (solarization) of soil for control of soilborne pests. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 19: 211-236.
  • Levin, A.G., S. Lavee and L. Tsror, 2003. Epidemiology of Verticillium dahliae on olive and its effects on yield under saline condition. Plant Pathol. 52: 212-218.
  • Lopez-Escudero, F.J. and MA. Blanco-Lopez, 2001. Effect of a single or double soil solarization to control Verticillium wilt in established olive orchards in Spain. Plant Dis. 5: 489-496.
  • Lopez-Escudero, F.J. and MA.Blanco-Lopez, 2005. Recovery of young olive trees from Verticillium dahliae. Eur.J.Plant Pathol. 113:365-375.
  • Malero-Vara, J.M., M.A. Blanco-Lopez, J. Bejerano-Alcazar and R.M. Jimenez-Diaz, 1995. Control of Verticillium wilt of cotton by mean of soil solarization and tolerant cultivars in southern Spain. Plant Pathol. 44: 250-260.
  • Pullman, G.S., J.E. DeVay and R.H.Garber, 1981a. Soil solarization and thermal death: A logarithmic relationship between time and temperature for four soilborne plant pathogens. Phtopathology 9: 959-964.
  • Pullman, G.S, J.E. DeVay, R.H. Garber and A.R. Weinhold, 1981b. Soil solarization: effects on Verticillium wilt of cotton and soilborne populations of Verticillium dahliae, Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia solani and Thielaviopsis basicola. Phtopathology 71: 954-959.
  • Saydam, G. and M. Copcu, 1972. Verticillium wilt of olive in Turkey. J Turk Phytopathol. 1: 45-49.
  • Stapleton, J.J., 2000. Soil solarization in various agricultural production systems. Crop Prot. 19: 837-41.
  • Stapleton, J.J. and J.E. DeVay, 1986. Soil solarisation: a nonchemical approach for the management of plant pathogen. Crop Prot. 5: 190-199.
  • Stapleton, J.J., E.J. Paplomatas, R.J. Wakeman and J.E. DeVay, 1993. Establishment of apricot and almond trees using soil mulching (solarization) with transparent or black polyethylene film: Effects on Verticillium wilt and tree health. Plant Pathol. 42: 333-338.
  • Thanassoulopoulos, C.C., D.A. Biris and E.C. Tjamos, 1979. Survey of Verticillium wilt of olive trees in Greece. Plant Dis Reptr. 63: 936-940.
  • Tjamos, E.C., 1993. Prospects and strategies in controlling Verticillium wilt of olive. Bull OEEP/EPPO Bull. 23: 505-512.
  • Tjamos, E.C., D.A. Biris and E.J. Paplomatas, 1991. Recovery of olive trees with Verticillium wilt after individual application of soil solarization in established olive orchards Plant Dis. 75: 557-562.
  • Wilhelm, S. and J.B. Taylor, 1965. Control of Verticillium wilt of olive through natural recovery and resistance. Phytopathology 55: 310-316.
  • Yolageldi, L., E. Onoğur and C. Tunç, 2003. Present status of Verticillium wilth of olive in Western Anatolia and some factors affecting the disease prevalence. J Turk Phytopathol. 1: 31-39.