KUMAŞLARIN GERİLME ÖZELLİKLERİNİN ÖLÇÜMÜ İÇİN BİR TEST CİHAZININ GELİŞTİRİLMESİ

Tekstil malzemeleri için mekanik özellikleri ölçen bir test cihazı tasarlanıp imal edildi ve performansı test edildi. Hareketli çenenin tahrikinde servo motor ve bilyalı vida mekanizması ile gerçekleştirildi ve hareketli çenenin yer değiştirme miktarı servo motor hareketi ve vida dişli kinematiğinden hesaplandı. Gerginlik ölçümü ise dğişik ölçüm aralıklarına sahip yük hücreleri ile gerçekleştirildi. Yük uzama eğrisi, sabit uzama altında gerginlik değişimi, creep testi ve tekrarlı yük altında kuvvet ve uzama değişimi gibi testler için yazılım modülleri geliştirildi. Yapılan testlerde cihaz ve Instron 4301’den elde edilen yük uzama eğrileri birbirine yakın olarak elde edilmesine rağmen bazı sapmaların halen mevcut olduğu görülmektedir. Hareketli çenedeki eğilme ve sistemdeki mekanik zayıflıklar (boşluk, açıklıklar vs) bu sapmanın temel sebebi olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Cihazın rijitliğinin artırılması ve mekaniğinin iyileştirilmesi ile piyasada mevcut olan ticari cihazlar seviyesinde test sonuçlarının elde edilebileceğini değerlendirmekteyiz

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Gerilme özellikleri, gerilme özellikleri test cihazı, test cihazı tasarımı, yük uzama eğrisi, sünme testi, dinamik yükleme testi, gerilme gevşemesi

DEVELOPMENT OF A TEST DEVICE FOR MEASURING TENSILE PROPERTIES OF FABRICS

A tensile tester for textile materials has been designed, manufactured and its performance tested. Horizontal construction is preferred in the design. Servo motor and ballscrew drive is used in the drive of movable clamp and elongation of test sample is calculated from servo motor motion and gear-ballscrew kinematics. Tension is measured by load cells of different measuring intervals. Software routines have been developed for different tests including load-elongation (or stress-strain) curve, tension change under constant elongation, creep test and force and elongation lost under cyclic loading. It is shown that load-elongation curves obtained from the developed device and Instron 4301 are close to each other. But some deviations exist. This is taught to be due to the bending in the movable clamp and mechanical imperfections. With the improvement of rigidity of the device and mechanical imperfections, the device is expected to give test results of commercially available ones in the market

Keywords:

Tensile properties, tensile tester, test device design, load-elongation curve, creep test, dynamic loading test, stress relaxation,

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