A research on heterosis in cultivated (Triticum spp.) x semi-wild wheat hybridization

Bitki boyu (PH), başak uzunluğu (SL), bitkide başak sayısı (NS), başakta başakçık sayısı (NSP) ve başakçıkta tane sayısı (NG) bakımından anaç ortalaması (MP) ile üstün anaç (HP) heterosisinin şiddeti ve yönü 18 kombinasyon, 180 Fi ve 150 F bitkisinde saptanmıştır. Bunun için, 9 ana (7 ekmeklik Triticum 2 aestivum (L.) Em. (Thell), P = Aköz 867, P = Köse 220/39, P = Penjamo 62, P = Sivas 111/33, Pn = 5 7 9 ıo Sürak 1593/51, Pı = Sertak 52 and Pı = Yektay 406 ve 2 makarnalık Triticum durum Desf., Pı = Kunduru 2 3 414/44, P = Kunduru 1149) ile 4 yarı yabani baba (P = T. dicoccum., 2n = 28; P = T. carthlicum; P = T. 4 2 3 6 vavilovi and P = T. spelta., 2n = 42) anaç melezlenmiştir. MP; % -94.1 [F de NS için P xP ] ile % 87.3 8 2 5 3 [Fi'de NG için (Pı xP ]; HP ise % -85.6 [F 'deNG için Pı xP ] ile % 185.6 [FI'de NS için P xP ] arasında; 3 6 2 O 8 7 8 çoğunlukla SL ve PH'de ortaya çıkmış; ancak, en yüksek değerler NS ile NSP'nin F! ve F 'nde saptanmış; 2 yarı yabaniler ise P >P >P >P şeklinde sıralanmışlardır. NG dışındaki diğer özelliklerle (MP-Fı) arasında 8 6 3 2 istatistiksel olarak önemli korelasyonlar saptanmış; SL ve PH'nın daha avantajlı ve kararlı olduğu izlenimi edinilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Triticum, kültür çeşitleri, genetik çeşitlilik, genotip, türlerarası melezleme, bitki boyu, buğday, verim ögeleri, kombinasyon yeteneği, genetik farklılık, melez azmanlığı, melezleme, bitki genetik kaynakları

Kültür buğdayı (Triticum spp.) x yarı yabani buğday melezlemesinde heterosis üzerine bir araştırma

Direction and magnitude of mid-parent (MP) and high-parent (HP) heterosis were detected and estimated in 18 combinations, 180 FiS and 150 F s for plant height (PH); spike length (SL); number of spike per plant 2 (NS), number of spikelet per spike (NSP) and number of grain per spikelet (NG). For this, 9 females (7 commons Triticum aestivum (L.) Em. (Thell), P = Aköz 867, P = Köse 220/39, P = Penjamo 62, P = Sivas 5 7 9 10 111/33, Pn = Siirak 1593/51, P = Sertak 52 and P = Yektay 406 and 2 durums (Triticum durum Desf., Pi = 12 13 Kunduru 414/44 and P = Kundura 1149) and 4 semi wild males (P = T. dicoccum., 2n = 28; P = T. 4 2 3 carthlicum; Pe = T. vavilovi and P = T. spelta., 2n = 42) were hybridized. The MP was varied between - 8 33.1% (Pi xP ) at the Fi for the NG and 152.6% P x P at the F for the NS; the HP was ranged between - 3 8 7 8 2 71.2% (P xP ) at the F2 for the NGand 135.3% (P xP ) at the Fi for the NS. Heterosis effect was appeared 7 8 7 8 mostly on the SL and PH; but fixed the highest on the NS and NSP in the each generation. The semi wilds were ordered as to be P >P >P >P . Statistically significant correlations were fixed between (MP-Fi) and 8 6 3 2 traits; SL and PH traits were found have been impressed as to be more adventageous and stable.

Keywords:

Triticum, cultivars, genetic variation, genotypes, interspecific hybridization, plant height, wheat, yield components, combining ability, genetic diversity, heterosis, hybridization, plant genetic resources,

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